Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil derived from the leaves of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (citronella oil) for use in all animal species (FEFANA asbl)

• Published in: EFSA journal 2024-05, Vol.22 (5), p.e8790-n/a
• Main Authors: Bampidis, Vasileios, Azimonti, Giovanna, Bastos, Maria de Lourdes, Christensen, Henrik, Durjava, Mojca, Kouba, Maryline, López‐Alonso, Marta, López Puente, Secundino, Marcon, Francesca, Mayo, Baltasar, Pechová, Alena, Petkova, Mariana, Ramos, Fernando, Villa, Roberto Edoardo, Woutersen, Ruud, Chesson, Andrew, Schlatter, Josef, Westendorf, Johannes, Dirven, Yvette, Manini, Paola, Dusemund, Birgit
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Additives; Animal feed; Animal species; Animals; C. nardus; Chromatography; citronella oil; citronellal; Cow's milk; Cymbopogon nardus; Dairy cattle; Effectiveness; efficacy; Essential oils; Feed additives; Feeds; Flavors; flavouring compounds; Food; Food additives; Food safety; Goats; Horses; Meat; Meat production; Methyl eugenol; Milk; Oils & fats; Phytochemicals; Rabbits; Risk assessment; Risk reduction; safety; Salmonids; Scientific Opinion; sensory additives; Sensory evaluation; Sheep; Species; Veal
• ISSN: 1831-4732; 1831-4732; 2314-9396
• DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8790

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of citronella oil obtained from the leaves of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle, when used as a sensory additive for all animal species. The EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) concluded that citronella oil from C. nardus is of low concern for long‐living and reproductive animals at the use levels in complete feed of 3.5 mg/kg for laying hens and rabbits, 6 mg/kg for sows and dairy cows, 9.5 mg/kg for sheep/goats and horses, 2.0 mg/kg for cats and 10 mg/kg for dogs. For short‐living animals (species for fattening), the additive was considered of no concern at concentrations of 18 mg/kg in chickens for fattening, 24 mg/kg in turkeys for fattening, 20 mg/kg for piglets, pigs for fattening, veal calves (milk replacer), cattle for fattening, sheep/goats for meat production, horses for meat production and rabbits for meat production, and 30 mg/kg for salmonids. The conclusions were extrapolated to physiologically related minor species. For any other species, the additive is considered of low concern at 2.0 mg/kg complete feed. The use of citronella oil in animal feed is expected to be of no concern for the consumers and for the environment. The essential oil under assessment should be considered as irritant to skin and eyes and as a dermal sensitiser. When handling the essential oil, exposure of unprotected users to methyleugenol may occur. Therefore, to reduce the risk, the exposure of the users should be minimised. Since the leaves of C. nardus and its preparations were recognised to flavour food and its function in feed would be essentially the same as that in food, no further demonstration of efficacy was considered necessary.