Enhanced inflammation and suppressed adaptive immunity in COVID-19 with prolonged RNA shedding

Little is known regarding why a subset of COVID-19 patients exhibited prolonged positivity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we found that patients with long viral RNA course (LC) exhibited prolonged high-level IgG antibodies and higher regulatory T (Treg) cell counts compared to those with short viral...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cell discovery 2022-07, Vol.8 (1), p.70-70, Article 70
Main Authors: Tang, Xiaohua, Sun, Rui, Ge, Weigang, Mao, Tingting, Qian, Liujia, Huang, Chongquan, Kang, Zhouyang, Xiao, Qi, Luo, Meng, Zhang, Qiushi, Li, Sainan, Chen, Hao, Liu, Wei, Wang, Bingjie, Li, Shufei, Lin, Xiaoling, Xu, Xueqin, Li, Huanzheng, Wu, Lianpeng, Dai, Jianyi, Gao, Huanhuan, Li, Lu, Lu, Tian, Liang, Xiao, Cai, Xue, Ruan, Guan, Xu, Fei, Li, Yan, Zhu, Yi, Kong, Ziqing, Huang, Jianping, Guo, Tiannan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/250/262
631/337/475
Adaptive immunity
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cell Biology
Cell Culture
Cell Cycle Analysis
Cell migration
Cell Physiology
Complement activation
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Cytokines
Disease transmission
Hospitals
Immunoglobulin G
Inflammation
Life Sciences
Liver X receptors
Lymphocytes T
Metabolites
Metabolomics
Patients
Proteins
Proteomics
Retinoid X receptors
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Stem Cells
Viral infections
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Summary:Little is known regarding why a subset of COVID-19 patients exhibited prolonged positivity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we found that patients with long viral RNA course (LC) exhibited prolonged high-level IgG antibodies and higher regulatory T (Treg) cell counts compared to those with short viral RNA course (SC) in terms of viral load. Longitudinal proteomics and metabolomics analyses of the patient sera uncovered that prolonged viral RNA shedding was associated with inhibition of the liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor (LXR/RXR) pathway, substantial suppression of diverse metabolites, activation of the complement system, suppressed cell migration, and enhanced viral replication. Furthermore, a ten-molecule learning model was established which could potentially predict viral RNA shedding period. In summary, this study uncovered enhanced inflammation and suppressed adaptive immunity in COVID-19 patients with prolonged viral RNA shedding, and proposed a multi-omic classifier for viral RNA shedding prediction.
ISSN:2056-5968
2056-5968
DOI:10.1038/s41421-022-00441-y