Cognitive Impairment after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, Clinical Course and Impact on Outcome: A Swedish-Icelandic Study

Objective. To assess the clinical course of cognitive and emotional impairments in patients with severe TBI (sTBI) from 3 weeks to 1 year after trauma and to study associations with outcomes at 1 year. Methods. Prospective, multicenter, observational study of sTBI in Sweden and Iceland. Patients age...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Behavioural neurology 2015-01, Vol.2015 (2015), p.1-12
Main Authors: Levi, Richard, Nygren De Boussard, Catharina, Godbolt, Alison, Stenberg, Maud, Stålnacke, Britt-Marie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Brain
Brain Injuries
Brain Injuries - complications
Cognition & reasoning
Cognition Disorders - diagnosis
Cognition Disorders - etiology
Cognitive Science
Depression, Mental
Disease Progression
Female
Glasgow Coma Scale
Glasgow Outcome Scale
Humans
Iceland
Injuries
Male
Medical research
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Medicine, Experimental
Mental depression
Middle Aged
Outcome Assessment (Health Care)
Population
Studies
Sweden
Trauma Severity Indices
Traumatic brain injury
Treatment Outcome
Young Adult
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Summary:Objective. To assess the clinical course of cognitive and emotional impairments in patients with severe TBI (sTBI) from 3 weeks to 1 year after trauma and to study associations with outcomes at 1 year. Methods. Prospective, multicenter, observational study of sTBI in Sweden and Iceland. Patients aged 18–65 years with acute Glasgow Coma Scale 3–8 were assessed with the Barrow Neurological Institute Screen for Higher Cerebral Functions (BNIS) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Outcome measures were Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) and Rancho Los Amigos Cognitive Scale-Revised (RLAS-R). Results. Cognition was assessed with the BNIS assessed for 42 patients out of 100 at 3 weeks, 75 patients at 3 months, and 78 patients at 1 year. Cognition improved over time, especially from 3 weeks to 3 months. The BNIS subscales “orientation” and “visuospatial and visual problem solving” were associated with the GOSE and RLAS-R at 1 year. Conclusion. Cognition seemed to improve over time after sTBI and appeared to be rather stable from 3 months to 1 year. Since cognitive function was associated with outcomes, these results indicate that early screening of cognitive function could be of importance for rehabilitation planning in a clinical setting.
ISSN:0953-4180
1875-8584
1875-8584
DOI:10.1155/2015/680308