Biological impact of lead from halide perovskites reveals the risk of introducing a safe threshold

Regulations currently in force enable to claim that the lead content in perovskite solar cells is low enough to be safe, or no more dangerous, than other electronics also containing lead. However, the actual environmental impact of lead from perovskite is unknown. Here we show that the lead from per...

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Published in:Nature communications 2020-01, Vol.11 (1), p.310-5, Article 310
Main Authors: Li, Junming, Cao, Hai-Lei, Jiao, Wen-Bin, Wang, Qiong, Wei, Mingdeng, Cantone, Irene, Lü, Jian, Abate, Antonio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/449
639/4077
639/638
704/172
704/172/4081
Bioavailability
Calcium Compounds - chemistry
Calcium Compounds - standards
Calcium Compounds - toxicity
Contaminants
Electronics
Electronics - standards
Environmental impact
Heavy metals
Human influences
Humanities and Social Sciences
Lead - standards
Lead - toxicity
Lead content
Mentha spicata - drug effects
multidisciplinary
Oxides - chemistry
Oxides - standards
Oxides - toxicity
Perovskites
Photovoltaic cells
Photovoltaics
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Soil - chemistry
Soil Pollutants - standards
Soil Pollutants - toxicity
Solar cells
Solar Energy - standards
Threshold Limit Values
Tin
Titanium - chemistry
Titanium - standards
Titanium - toxicity
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container_title Nature communications
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description Regulations currently in force enable to claim that the lead content in perovskite solar cells is low enough to be safe, or no more dangerous, than other electronics also containing lead. However, the actual environmental impact of lead from perovskite is unknown. Here we show that the lead from perovskite leaking into the ground can enter plants, and consequently the food cycle, ten times more effectively than other lead contaminants already present as the result of the human activities. We further demonstrate that replacing lead with tin represents an environmentally-safer option. Our data suggest that we need to treat the lead from perovskite with exceptional care. In particular, we point out that the safety level for lead content in perovskite-based needs to be lower than other lead-containing electronics. We encourage replacing lead completely with more inert metals to deliver safe perovskite technologies. Halide perovskites are promising for next generation photovoltaic technology but their environmental impact has not been fully evaluated. Here Li et al. show that the lead from perovskites is ten times more dangerous than lead-containing electronics while tin perovskites are much less bioavailable.
doi_str_mv 10.1038/s41467-019-13910-y
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subjects 631/449
639/4077
639/638
704/172
704/172/4081
Bioavailability
Calcium Compounds - chemistry
Calcium Compounds - standards
Calcium Compounds - toxicity
Contaminants
Electronics
Electronics - standards
Environmental impact
Heavy metals
Human influences
Humanities and Social Sciences
Lead - standards
Lead - toxicity
Lead content
Mentha spicata - drug effects
multidisciplinary
Oxides - chemistry
Oxides - standards
Oxides - toxicity
Perovskites
Photovoltaic cells
Photovoltaics
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Soil - chemistry
Soil Pollutants - standards
Soil Pollutants - toxicity
Solar cells
Solar Energy - standards
Threshold Limit Values
Tin
Titanium - chemistry
Titanium - standards
Titanium - toxicity
title Biological impact of lead from halide perovskites reveals the risk of introducing a safe threshold
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