Inhaled Antifungal Agents for Treatment and Prophylaxis of Bronchopulmonary Invasive Mold Infections

Pulmonary mold infections are life-threatening diseases with high morbi-mortalities. Treatment is based on systemic antifungal agents belonging to the families of polyenes (amphotericin B) and triazoles. Despite this treatment, mortality remains high and the doses of systemic antifungals cannot be i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmaceutics 2022-03, Vol.14 (3), p.641
Main Authors: Brunet, Kévin, Martellosio, Jean-Philippe, Tewes, Frédéric, Marchand, Sandrine, Rammaert, Blandine
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
aerosol
Aerosols
animal model
Antifungal agents
antifungal drugs
antifungal prophylaxis
Disease prevention
Drug dosages
Infections
Inhalers
invasive fungal disease
Life Sciences
Lungs
Mold
Patients
Permeability
Pharmaceutical sciences
Review
Ventilators
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Summary:Pulmonary mold infections are life-threatening diseases with high morbi-mortalities. Treatment is based on systemic antifungal agents belonging to the families of polyenes (amphotericin B) and triazoles. Despite this treatment, mortality remains high and the doses of systemic antifungals cannot be increased as they often lead to toxicity. The pulmonary aerosolization of antifungal agents can theoretically increase their concentration at the infectious site, which could improve their efficacy while limiting their systemic exposure and toxicity. However, clinical experience is poor and thus inhaled agent utilization remains unclear in term of indications, drugs, and devices. This comprehensive literature review aims to describe the pharmacokinetic behavior and the efficacy of inhaled antifungal drugs as prophylaxes and curative treatments both in animal models and humans.
ISSN:1999-4923
1999-4923
DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics14030641