Successful management of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia in the second pregnancy: a case report

• Published in: Einstein (São Paulo, Brazil) Brazil), 2014-01, Vol.12 (1), p.96-99
• Main Authors: Conti, Fabiana Mendes, Hibner, Sergio, Costa, Thiago Henrique, Dezan, Marcia Regina, Aravechia, Maria Giselda, Pereira, Ricardo Antonio D Almeida, Kondo, Andrea Tiemi, D'Amico, Élbio Antônio, Mota, Mariza, Kutner, José Mauro
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Antigens, Human Platelet - genetics; Case Report; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous - administration & dosage; Infant, Newborn; Intracranial Hemorrhages - diagnostic imaging; Intracranial Hemorrhages - prevention & control; Male; MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL; Plaquetas; Platelet Count; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, High-Risk; Recém-nascido; Relato de caso; Risk Assessment; Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune - diagnostic imaging; Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune - therapy; Treatment Outcome; Trombocitopenia; Trombocitopenia neonatal aloimune; Ultrasonography, Prenatal
• ISSN: 1679-4508; 2317-6385; 2317-6385; 1679-4508
• DOI: 10.1590/s1679-45082014rc2729

Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia is a serious disease, in which the mother produces antibodies against fetal platelet antigens inherited from the father; it is still an underdiagnosed disease. This disease is considered the platelet counterpart of the RhD hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn, yet in neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia the first child is affected with fetal and/or neonatal thrombocytopenia. There is a significant risk of intracranial hemorrhage and severe neurological impairment, with a tendency for earlier and more severe thrombocytopenia in subsequent pregnancies. This article reports a case of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia in the second pregnancy affected and discusses diagnosis, management and the clinical importance of this disease.