Molecular epidemiology of residual Plasmodium vivax transmission in a paediatric cohort in Solomon Islands

Following the scale-up of intervention efforts, malaria burden has decreased dramatically in Solomon Islands (SI). Submicroscopic and asymptomatic Plasmodium vivax infections are now the major challenge for malaria elimination in this country. Since children have higher risk of contracting malaria,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Malaria journal 2019-03, Vol.18 (1), p.106-106, Article 106
Main Authors: Quah, Yi Wan, Waltmann, Andreea, Karl, Stephan, White, Michael T, Vahi, Ventis, Darcy, Andrew, Pitakaka, Freda, Whittaker, Maxine, Tisch, Daniel J, Barry, Alyssa, Barnadas, Celine, Kazura, James, Mueller, Ivo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Asymptomatic
Blood
Child health
Children
Cohort
Cohorts
Disease transmission
DNA
Dynamics
Epidemiology
Glucosephosphate dehydrogenase
Health risks
Heterogeneity
Human diseases
Immunity
Infection
Infections
Intelligence gathering
Islands
Malaria
Medical research
Nucleotide sequence
Parasites
Patient outcomes
PCR
Pediatrics
Plasmodium
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium vivax
Policies
Population
Primaquine
Provinces
Risk factors
Solomon Islands
Statistical analysis
Statistical methods
Surveillance
Vector-borne diseases
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Summary:Following the scale-up of intervention efforts, malaria burden has decreased dramatically in Solomon Islands (SI). Submicroscopic and asymptomatic Plasmodium vivax infections are now the major challenge for malaria elimination in this country. Since children have higher risk of contracting malaria, this study investigated the dynamics of Plasmodium spp. infections among children including the associated risk factors of residual P. vivax burden. An observational cohort study was conducted among 860 children aged 0.5-12 years in Ngella (Central Islands Province, SI). Children were monitored by active and passive surveillances for Plasmodium spp. infections and illness. Parasites were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and genotyped. Comprehensive statistical analyses of P. vivax infection prevalence, molecular force of blood stage infection ( FOB) and infection density were conducted. Plasmodium vivax infections were common (overall prevalence: 11.9%), whereas Plasmodium falciparum infections were rare (0.3%) but persistent. Although children acquire an average of 1.1 genetically distinct P. vivax blood-stage infections per year, there was significant geographic heterogeneity in the risks of P. vivax infections across Ngella (prevalence: 1.2-47.4%, p 
ISSN:1475-2875
1475-2875
DOI:10.1186/s12936-019-2727-9