Distinct inflammation-related proteins associated with T cell immune recovery during chronic HIV-1 infection

Chronic inflammation and T cell dysregulation persist in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), even after successful antiretroviral treatment. The mechanism involved is not fully understood. Here, we used Olink proteomics to comprehensively analyze the aberrant infla...

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Published in:Emerging microbes & infections 2023-12, Vol.12 (1), p.2150566-2150566
Main Authors: Wan, Lin-Yu, Huang, Hui-Huang, Zhen, Cheng, Chen, Si-Yuan, Song, Bing, Cao, Wen-Jing, Shen, Li-Li, Zhou, Ming-Ju, Zhang, Xiao-Chang, Xu, Ruonan, Fan, Xing, Zhang, Ji-Yuan, Shi, Ming, Zhang, Chao, Jiao, Yan-Mei, Song, Jin-Wen, Wang, Fu-Sheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigens, Neoplasm
Cell Adhesion Molecules
CXCL10
CXCL11
CXCL9
HIV
HIV Infections
HIV-1
HIV-1 reservoir
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Immunology
Infections
Inflammation
Lymphocytes
T cell dysregulation
T-Lymphocytes
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Summary:Chronic inflammation and T cell dysregulation persist in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), even after successful antiretroviral treatment. The mechanism involved is not fully understood. Here, we used Olink proteomics to comprehensively analyze the aberrant inflammation-related proteins (IRPs) in chronic HIV-1-infected individuals, including in 24 treatment-naïve individuals, 33 immunological responders, and 38 immunological non-responders. T cell dysfunction was evaluated as T cell exhaustion, activation, and differentiation using flow cytometry. We identified a cluster of IRPs (cluster 7), including CXCL11, CXCL9, TNF, CXCL10, and IL18, which was closely associated with T cell dysregulation during chronic HIV-1 infection. Interestingly, IRPs in cluster 5, including ST1A1, CASP8, SIRT2, AXIN1, STAMBP, CD40, and IL7, were negatively correlated with the HIV-1 reservoir size. We also identified a combination of CDCP1, CXCL11, CST5, SLAMF1, TRANCE, and CD5, which may be useful for distinguishing immunological responders and immunological non-responders. In conclusion, the distinct inflammatory milieu is closely associated with immune restoration of T cells, and our results provide insight into immune dysregulation during chronic HIV-1 infection.
ISSN:2222-1751
2222-1751
DOI:10.1080/22221751.2022.2150566