Neurostructural correlates of retinal microvascular caliber in adolescent bipolar disorder

Objectives Vascular‐brain associations are well established in adults but neglected in youth and psychiatric populations, who are at greater cardiovascular risk. We therefore examined the association of retinal vascular caliber with regional brain structure in adolescents with and without bipolar di...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:JCPP advances 2021-12, Vol.1 (4), p.e12029-n/a
Main Authors: Mio, Megan, Kennedy, Kody G., Dimick, Mikaela, Sultan, Alysha, Fiksenbaum, Lisa, Selkirk, Beth, Kertes, Peter, McCrindle, Brian W., Black, Sandra E., MacIntosh, Bradley J., Goldstein, Benjamin I.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
adolescent
Bipolar disorder
Blood pressure
Brain research
brain structure
Children & youth
Dementia
Mental depression
Mental disorders
Original
Psychosis
retinal vessels
Schizophrenia
Teenagers
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Summary:Objectives Vascular‐brain associations are well established in adults but neglected in youth and psychiatric populations, who are at greater cardiovascular risk. We therefore examined the association of retinal vascular caliber with regional brain structure in adolescents with and without bipolar disorder (BD). Methods One hundred and three adolescents (n = 51 BD, n = 52 healthy control [HC]) completed retinal fundus imaging, yielding arteriolar and venular diameters, followed by T1‐weighted 3‐Tesla MRI. Region of interest (ROI) analyses examined ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), amygdala, and hippocampus, complemented by vertex‐wise analyses. Linear regression assessed the association between retinal measures and brain structure, adjusting for covariates including age, sex, BMI, and intracranial volume (ICV). Results In the overall sample, arteriolar caliber was negatively associated with ACC volume (β = −0.20, puncorrected = .046) and surface area (β = −0.19, puncorrected = .049). There were no other significant ROI findings. Vertex‐wise analyses detected several significant positive bilateral associations of arteriovenous ratio (AVR) with volume and surface area in regions including rostral middle frontal gyrus (left p = .001; right p = .006), isthmus cingulate cortex (left and right p 
ISSN:2692-9384
2692-9384
DOI:10.1002/jcv2.12029