Quantification and Prediction with Near Infrared Spectroscopy of Carbohydrates throughout Apple Fruit Development

Carbohydrates play a key role in apple fruit growth and development. Carbohydrates are needed for cell division/expansion, regulate fruitlet abscission, and influence fruit maturation and quality. Current methods to quantify fruit carbohydrates are labor intensive and expensive. We quantified carboh...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Horticulturae 2023-02, Vol.9 (2), p.279
Main Authors: Larson, James E, Perkins-Veazie, Penelope, Ma, Guoying, Kon, Thomas M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abscission
Apple
Apples
carbohydrate quantification
Carbohydrates
Cell division
Cultivars
Development
Fructose
fruit development
Fruits
Gas chromatography
Glucose
Growing season
High performance liquid chromatography
Horticultural research
Infrared spectrometers
Infrared spectroscopy
Least squares method
Liquid chromatography
Measurement
Methods
Near infrared radiation
near infrared spectroscopy
Physiological aspects
Plants
Principal components analysis
Regression analysis
Respiration
Sampling
Sorbitol
Spectra
Sucrose
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Summary:Carbohydrates play a key role in apple fruit growth and development. Carbohydrates are needed for cell division/expansion, regulate fruitlet abscission, and influence fruit maturation and quality. Current methods to quantify fruit carbohydrates are labor intensive and expensive. We quantified carbohydrates throughout a growing season in two cultivars and evaluated the use of near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) to predict apple carbohydrate content throughout changes in fruit development. Carbohydrates were quantified with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at five timepoints between early fruitlet growth and harvest in ‘Gala’ and ‘Red Delicious’ apples. NIR spectra was collected for freeze-dried fruit samples using a benchtop near infrared spectrometer. Sorbitol was the major carbohydrate early in the growing season (~40% of total carbohydrates). However, the relative contribution of sorbitol to total carbohydrates rapidly decreased by 59 days after full bloom (
ISSN:2311-7524
2311-7524
DOI:10.3390/horticulturae9020279