Re-Endothelialization of Decellularized Liver Scaffolds: A Step for Bioengineered Liver Transplantation

Bioengineered livers (BELs) are an attractive therapeutic alternative to address the donor organ shortage for liver transplantation. The goal of BELs technology aims at replacement or regeneration of the native human liver. A variety of approaches have been proposed for tissue engineering of transpl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology 2022-03, Vol.10, p.833163-833163
Main Authors: Li, Kewei, Tharwat, Mohammad, Larson, Ellen L, Felgendreff, Philipp, Hosseiniasl, Seyed M, Rmilah, Anan Abu, Safwat, Khaled, Ross, Jeffrey J, Nyberg, Scott L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
bioengineered livers (BELs)
Bioengineering and Biotechnology
decellularization
heterotopic transplantation
liver transplantation
orthotopic transplantation
scaffolds
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Summary:Bioengineered livers (BELs) are an attractive therapeutic alternative to address the donor organ shortage for liver transplantation. The goal of BELs technology aims at replacement or regeneration of the native human liver. A variety of approaches have been proposed for tissue engineering of transplantable livers; the current review will highlight the decellularization-recellularization approach to BELs. For example, vascular patency and appropriate cell distribution and expansion are critical components in the production of successful BELs. Proper solutions to these components of BELs have challenged its development. Several strategies, such as heparin immobilization, heparin-gelatin, REDV peptide, and anti-CD31 aptamer have been developed to extend the vascular patency of revascularized bioengineered livers (rBELs). Other novel methods have been developed to enhance cell seeding of parenchymal cells and to increase graft functionality during both bench and perfusion. These enhanced methods have been associated with up to 15 days of survival in large animal (porcine) models of heterotopic transplantation but have not yet permitted extended survival after implantation of BELs in the orthotopic position. This review will highlight both the remaining challenges and the potential for clinical application of functional bioengineered grafts.
ISSN:2296-4185
2296-4185
DOI:10.3389/fbioe.2022.833163