A case of posterior mediastinal myelolipoma and a literature review of its imaging manifestations

Mediastinal myelolipoma is a rare condition and has no obvious symptoms. In the past 20 years, some clinical cases have been documented. However, the literature has not systematically summarized its imaging features. The aim of this paper is to present a case of right posterior mediastinal myelolipo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of cardiothoracic surgery 2024-07, Vol.19 (1), p.458-5, Article 458
Main Authors: Xu, Long, Wen, Xing, Feng, Shi Yan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adrenal glands
Blood
Calcification
Cardiovascular disease
Contrast media
Creatinine
CT imaging
Density
Heterogeneity
Humans
Imaging
Lesions
Literature reviews
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Mediastinal
Mediastinal Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging
Mediastinum
Myelolipoma
Myelolipoma - diagnostic imaging
Myelolipoma - pathology
Myelolipoma - surgery
Review
Thoracic surgery
Thorax
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Tumors
Type 2 diabetes
Vertebrae
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Summary:Mediastinal myelolipoma is a rare condition and has no obvious symptoms. In the past 20 years, some clinical cases have been documented. However, the literature has not systematically summarized its imaging features. The aim of this paper is to present a case of right posterior mediastinal myelolipoma and to review and summarize its imaging features. Twenty-six articles were included in our study, which included a total of 26 patients and 33 lesions; 90.9% of the lesions were located in the mediastinum at the level from the 8th thoracic vertebral body to the thoracic 12th vertebral body. Among the cases with unilateral mediastinum, 68.4% of the cases were located in the right posterior mediastinum. Bilateral lesions accounted for almost one-fourth of all lesions. After contrast medium was injected, 93.9% of the lesions had mild to moderate enhancement; 84.8% of the lesions contained fat density; and 75.8%, 69.7%, 87.9%, and 75.8% of the lesions showed clear boundary, regular shape, heterogeneity and were encapsulated, respectively. Only 12.1% of the lesions contained calcification. An inhomogeneous mass in the right posterior mediastinum near the spine, including fat density, is the predominant imaging marker of most mediastinal myelolipomas.
ISSN:1749-8090
1749-8090
DOI:10.1186/s13019-024-02829-1