Effect of Different Processing Methods on the Chemical Constituents of Scrophulariae Radix as Revealed by 2D NMR-Based Metabolomics

Scrophulariae Radix (SR) is one of the oldest and most frequently used Chinese herbs for oriental medicine in China. Before clinical use, the SR should be processed using different methods after harvest, such as steaming, “sweating”, and traditional fire-drying. In order to investigate the differenc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-07, Vol.27 (15), p.4687
Main Authors: Duan, Xiaohui, Zhang, Mina, Du, Huan, Gu, Xiu, Bai, Caihong, Zhang, Liuqiang, Chen, Kaixian, Hu, Kaifeng, Li, Yiming
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
2D NMR
Air drying
Automation
Batch processing
Carbohydrates
Chemical compounds
chemical markers
Chinese medicine
Constituents
Drying
Herbal medicine
Integrals
Markers
Metabolites
Metabolomics
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
processing methods
Scrophulariae Radix
Solvents
Statistical analysis
Steaming
Sweating
“sweating” processing
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Summary:Scrophulariae Radix (SR) is one of the oldest and most frequently used Chinese herbs for oriental medicine in China. Before clinical use, the SR should be processed using different methods after harvest, such as steaming, “sweating”, and traditional fire-drying. In order to investigate the difference in chemical constituents using different processing methods, the two-dimensional (2D) 1H-13C heteronuclear single quantum correlation (1H-13C HSQC)-based metabolomics approach was applied to extensively characterize the difference in the chemical components in the extracts of SR processed using different processing methods. In total, 20 compounds were identified as potential chemical markers that changed significantly with different steaming durations. Seven compounds can be used as potential chemical markers to differentiate processing by sweating, hot-air drying, and steaming for 4 h. These findings could elucidate the change of chemical constituents of the processed SR and provide a guide for the processing. In addition, our protocol may represent a general approach to characterizing chemical compounds of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and therefore might be considered as a promising approach to exploring the scientific basis of traditional processing of TCM.
ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules27154687