Modulating the Human Gut Microbiota through Hypocaloric Balanced Diets: An Effective Approach for Managing Obesity

This study aimed to investigate the effects of a hypocaloric balanced diet (HBD) on anthropometric measures and gut microbiota of 43 people with obesity. Fecal samples were collected from the study subjects at weeks 0 and 12, and a detailed analysis of gut microbiota was performed using 16S rRNA gen...

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Published in:Nutrients 2023-07, Vol.15 (14), p.3101
Main Authors: Wang, Hongchao, Song, Wenyan, Yuan, Weiwei, Zhou, Qunyan, Sadiq, Faizan Ahmed, Zhao, Jianxin, Wu, Wenjun, Lu, Wenwei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Bacteria
Body mass index
Cancer
Carbohydrates
Cholesterol
Diabetes
Diet
dietary pattern
Discriminant analysis
Energy
Exercise
Feces
gut microbiota
Hemoglobin
hypocaloric balanced diet
Intervention
machine learning
Metabolism
Metabolites
Microbiota
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
Nutritionists
Obesity
Physical fitness
Physiological aspects
Probiotics
RNA
Type 2 diabetes
Weight control
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Summary:This study aimed to investigate the effects of a hypocaloric balanced diet (HBD) on anthropometric measures and gut microbiota of 43 people with obesity. Fecal samples were collected from the study subjects at weeks 0 and 12, and a detailed analysis of gut microbiota was performed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. By comparing anthropometric measures and microbiota changes in subjects before and after the HBD intervention, we revealed the potential effects of HBD on weight loss and gut microbiota. Our results indicated that the HBD resulted in a significant decrease in body mass index (BMI), and most of the physiological indicators were decreased to a greater degree in the effective HBD group (EHBD, weight loss ≥ 5%) than in the ineffective HBD group (IHBD, weight loss < 5%). The HBD intervention also modified the gut microbiota of the subjects with obesity. Specifically, , , , , , and were significantly reduced. In addition, we employed machine learning models, such as XGBRF and GB models, to rank the importance of various features and identified the top 10 key bacterial genera involved. Gut microbiota co-occurrence networks showed the dominance of healthier microbiota following successful weight loss. These results suggested that the HBD intervention enhanced weight loss, which may be related to diet-induced changes in the gut microbiota.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu15143101