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Normative values of thymus in healthy children; stiffness by shear wave elastography
Thymus grows after birth, reaches maximal size after the first few years and involutes by puberty. Because of the postnatal developmental and involutional duration, we aimed toinvestigate normal stiffness values of mediastinal thymus by shear wave elastography (SWE) in different age groups of childr...
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| Published in: | Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) Turkey), 2020-03, Vol.26 (2), p.147-152 |
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| container_title | Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) |
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| creator | Bayramoglu, Zuhal Ozturk, Mehmet Caliskan, Emine Ayyildiz, Hakan Adaletli, Ibrahim |
| description | Thymus grows after birth, reaches maximal size after the first few years and involutes by puberty. Because of the postnatal developmental and involutional duration, we aimed toinvestigate normal stiffness values of mediastinal thymus by shear wave elastography (SWE) in different age groups of children and discuss imaging findings of thymus.
We prospectively examined 146 children (90 girls, 56 boys) who underwent a thyroid or neck ultrasound examination. All subjects underwent ultrasound and SWE evaluation of mediastinal thymus by parasternal and suprasternal approach. We subdivided the subjects based on the ages as 0 to 2 months (group 1), >2 to 6 months (group 2); >6 months to 2 years (group 3), >2 to 5 years (group 4), >5 to 8 years (group 5), and greater than 8 years old (group 6).We investigated differences of mean shear wave elasticity (kPa) and shear wave velocity (m/sec) values among age groups and the association of SWE values with age, body mass index (BMI), height, and weight of the patients.
Medians and ranges of age, height, weight, and BMI were 24 (2-84) months, 85 (55-120) cm, 12(4.55-22) kg, 15.37 (13.92-17.51) kg/m2, 11 (2.64-23.15) cc, respectively. Mean shear wave elasticity of thymus when all participants were included was 6.76±1.04 kPa. Differences of mean elasticity values among age groups and also gender groups were not statistically significant. There were highly significant negative correlations among age (r:0.3), height (r:0.26), weight (r:0.3) with elasticity and also velocity values (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.5152/dir.2019.19344 |
| format | article |
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We prospectively examined 146 children (90 girls, 56 boys) who underwent a thyroid or neck ultrasound examination. All subjects underwent ultrasound and SWE evaluation of mediastinal thymus by parasternal and suprasternal approach. We subdivided the subjects based on the ages as 0 to 2 months (group 1), >2 to 6 months (group 2); >6 months to 2 years (group 3), >2 to 5 years (group 4), >5 to 8 years (group 5), and greater than 8 years old (group 6).We investigated differences of mean shear wave elasticity (kPa) and shear wave velocity (m/sec) values among age groups and the association of SWE values with age, body mass index (BMI), height, and weight of the patients.
Medians and ranges of age, height, weight, and BMI were 24 (2-84) months, 85 (55-120) cm, 12(4.55-22) kg, 15.37 (13.92-17.51) kg/m2, 11 (2.64-23.15) cc, respectively. Mean shear wave elasticity of thymus when all participants were included was 6.76±1.04 kPa. Differences of mean elasticity values among age groups and also gender groups were not statistically significant. There were highly significant negative correlations among age (r:0.3), height (r:0.26), weight (r:0.3) with elasticity and also velocity values (p<0.001). The thymus elasticity is negatively correlated with age.
Quantitative evaluation of the thymus by SWE provides normative stiffness values based on age and gender groups. The thymus elasticity decreases with increased age, height and weight.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1305-3612</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1305-3825</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1305-3612</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.5152/dir.2019.19344</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32116221</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Turkey: Galenos Yayinevi Tic. Ltd</publisher><subject>Age ; Age Factors ; Age groups ; Body size ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Elasticity ; Elasticity Imaging Techniques - methods ; Female ; Gender ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Involutes ; Male ; Pediatric Radiology ; Prospective Studies ; Reference Values ; Shear ; Stiffness ; Thymus gland ; Thyroid Gland - anatomy & histology ; Ultrasonic imaging ; Wave propagation ; Wave velocity ; Weight</subject><ispartof>Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey), 2020-03, Vol.26 (2), p.147-152</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Galenos Yayinevi Tic. Ltd.</rights><rights>2020. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the associated terms available at https://www.dirjournal.org/en/about-dir-1010</rights><rights>Copyright 2020 by the Turkish Society of Radiology 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c551t-d3c0dc2a4826ee1b6be109b182ffc1efd8d1032a476880188993ae96ae4542b43</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7051269/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2547868004?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,882,25734,27905,27906,36993,36994,44571,53772,53774</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32116221$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bayramoglu, Zuhal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ozturk, Mehmet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caliskan, Emine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ayyildiz, Hakan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adaletli, Ibrahim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Department of Pediatric Radiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Department of Pediatric Radiology, Selcuk University School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clinic of Pediatric Radiology, Seyhan State Hospital, Adana, Turkey</creatorcontrib><title>Normative values of thymus in healthy children; stiffness by shear wave elastography</title><title>Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey)</title><addtitle>Diagn Interv Radiol</addtitle><description>Thymus grows after birth, reaches maximal size after the first few years and involutes by puberty. Because of the postnatal developmental and involutional duration, we aimed toinvestigate normal stiffness values of mediastinal thymus by shear wave elastography (SWE) in different age groups of children and discuss imaging findings of thymus.
We prospectively examined 146 children (90 girls, 56 boys) who underwent a thyroid or neck ultrasound examination. All subjects underwent ultrasound and SWE evaluation of mediastinal thymus by parasternal and suprasternal approach. We subdivided the subjects based on the ages as 0 to 2 months (group 1), >2 to 6 months (group 2); >6 months to 2 years (group 3), >2 to 5 years (group 4), >5 to 8 years (group 5), and greater than 8 years old (group 6).We investigated differences of mean shear wave elasticity (kPa) and shear wave velocity (m/sec) values among age groups and the association of SWE values with age, body mass index (BMI), height, and weight of the patients.
Medians and ranges of age, height, weight, and BMI were 24 (2-84) months, 85 (55-120) cm, 12(4.55-22) kg, 15.37 (13.92-17.51) kg/m2, 11 (2.64-23.15) cc, respectively. Mean shear wave elasticity of thymus when all participants were included was 6.76±1.04 kPa. Differences of mean elasticity values among age groups and also gender groups were not statistically significant. There were highly significant negative correlations among age (r:0.3), height (r:0.26), weight (r:0.3) with elasticity and also velocity values (p<0.001). The thymus elasticity is negatively correlated with age.
Quantitative evaluation of the thymus by SWE provides normative stiffness values based on age and gender groups. The thymus elasticity decreases with increased age, height and weight.</description><subject>Age</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Age groups</subject><subject>Body size</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Elasticity</subject><subject>Elasticity Imaging Techniques - methods</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gender</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Involutes</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Pediatric Radiology</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Reference Values</subject><subject>Shear</subject><subject>Stiffness</subject><subject>Thymus gland</subject><subject>Thyroid Gland - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Ultrasonic imaging</subject><subject>Wave propagation</subject><subject>Wave velocity</subject><subject>Weight</subject><issn>1305-3612</issn><issn>1305-3825</issn><issn>1305-3612</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptkk1v1DAQhiMEoh9w5YgiceGyi8dfsYWEVFVQKlVwKWfLcca7XiXxYidb7b_H25bSosoHe2beeawZvVX1DshSgKCfupCWlIBegmacv6iOgRGxYBLoy0fvo-ok5w0hQmjgr6sjRgEkpXBcXf-IabBT2GG9s_2MuY6-ntb7Yc51GOs12r5EtVuHvks4fq7zFLwfMee63de51FN9Y0s39jZPcZXsdr1_U73yts_49v4-rX59-3p9_n1x9fPi8vzsauGEgGnRMUc6Ry1XVCJCK1sEoltQ1HsH6DvVAWGl3kilCCilNbOopUUuOG05O60u77hdtBuzTWGwaW-iDeY2EdPK2DQF16MRtAOnlQZHG66woBlTHqlHDYIpV1hf7ljbuR2wczhOyfZPoE8rY1ibVdyZhgigUhfAx3tAir_LIiczhOyw7-2Icc6GMqlV06hGFumH_6SbOKexrMpQwRslFSH8n2plywBh9LH86w5QcyYpazRl4sBaPqMqp8MhuDiiDyX_XINLMeeE_mFGIObgKVM8ZQ6eMreeKg3vH2_mQf7XROwP2oDGew</recordid><startdate>20200301</startdate><enddate>20200301</enddate><creator>Bayramoglu, Zuhal</creator><creator>Ozturk, Mehmet</creator><creator>Caliskan, Emine</creator><creator>Ayyildiz, Hakan</creator><creator>Adaletli, Ibrahim</creator><general>Galenos Yayinevi Tic. 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stiffness by shear wave elastography</title><author>Bayramoglu, Zuhal ; Ozturk, Mehmet ; Caliskan, Emine ; Ayyildiz, Hakan ; Adaletli, Ibrahim</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c551t-d3c0dc2a4826ee1b6be109b182ffc1efd8d1032a476880188993ae96ae4542b43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Age</topic><topic>Age Factors</topic><topic>Age groups</topic><topic>Body size</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Elasticity</topic><topic>Elasticity Imaging Techniques - methods</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gender</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infant, Newborn</topic><topic>Involutes</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Pediatric Radiology</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Reference Values</topic><topic>Shear</topic><topic>Stiffness</topic><topic>Thymus gland</topic><topic>Thyroid Gland - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Ultrasonic imaging</topic><topic>Wave propagation</topic><topic>Wave velocity</topic><topic>Weight</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bayramoglu, Zuhal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ozturk, Mehmet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caliskan, Emine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ayyildiz, Hakan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adaletli, Ibrahim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Department of Pediatric Radiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Department of Pediatric Radiology, Selcuk University School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clinic of Pediatric Radiology, Seyhan State Hospital, Adana, Turkey</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Turkey Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bayramoglu, Zuhal</au><au>Ozturk, Mehmet</au><au>Caliskan, Emine</au><au>Ayyildiz, Hakan</au><au>Adaletli, Ibrahim</au><aucorp>Department of Pediatric Radiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey</aucorp><aucorp>Department of Pediatric Radiology, Selcuk University School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey</aucorp><aucorp>Clinic of Pediatric Radiology, Seyhan State Hospital, Adana, Turkey</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Normative values of thymus in healthy children; stiffness by shear wave elastography</atitle><jtitle>Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey)</jtitle><addtitle>Diagn Interv Radiol</addtitle><date>2020-03-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>26</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>147</spage><epage>152</epage><pages>147-152</pages><issn>1305-3612</issn><issn>1305-3825</issn><eissn>1305-3612</eissn><abstract>Thymus grows after birth, reaches maximal size after the first few years and involutes by puberty. Because of the postnatal developmental and involutional duration, we aimed toinvestigate normal stiffness values of mediastinal thymus by shear wave elastography (SWE) in different age groups of children and discuss imaging findings of thymus.
We prospectively examined 146 children (90 girls, 56 boys) who underwent a thyroid or neck ultrasound examination. All subjects underwent ultrasound and SWE evaluation of mediastinal thymus by parasternal and suprasternal approach. We subdivided the subjects based on the ages as 0 to 2 months (group 1), >2 to 6 months (group 2); >6 months to 2 years (group 3), >2 to 5 years (group 4), >5 to 8 years (group 5), and greater than 8 years old (group 6).We investigated differences of mean shear wave elasticity (kPa) and shear wave velocity (m/sec) values among age groups and the association of SWE values with age, body mass index (BMI), height, and weight of the patients.
Medians and ranges of age, height, weight, and BMI were 24 (2-84) months, 85 (55-120) cm, 12(4.55-22) kg, 15.37 (13.92-17.51) kg/m2, 11 (2.64-23.15) cc, respectively. Mean shear wave elasticity of thymus when all participants were included was 6.76±1.04 kPa. Differences of mean elasticity values among age groups and also gender groups were not statistically significant. There were highly significant negative correlations among age (r:0.3), height (r:0.26), weight (r:0.3) with elasticity and also velocity values (p<0.001). The thymus elasticity is negatively correlated with age.
Quantitative evaluation of the thymus by SWE provides normative stiffness values based on age and gender groups. The thymus elasticity decreases with increased age, height and weight.</abstract><cop>Turkey</cop><pub>Galenos Yayinevi Tic. Ltd</pub><pmid>32116221</pmid><doi>10.5152/dir.2019.19344</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey), 2020-03, Vol.26 (2), p.147-152 |
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| source | Publicly Available Content (ProQuest); PubMed Central |
| subjects | Age Age Factors Age groups Body size Child Child, Preschool Children Elasticity Elasticity Imaging Techniques - methods Female Gender Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Involutes Male Pediatric Radiology Prospective Studies Reference Values Shear Stiffness Thymus gland Thyroid Gland - anatomy & histology Ultrasonic imaging Wave propagation Wave velocity Weight |
| title | Normative values of thymus in healthy children; stiffness by shear wave elastography |
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