The Role of Cytokinins and Abscisic Acid in the Growth, Development and Virulence of the Pathogenic Fungus Stagonospora nodorum (Berk.)

• Published in: Biomolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2024-04, Vol.14 (5), p.517
• Main Authors: Nuzhnaya, Tatyana V, Sorokan, Antonina V, Burkhanova, Guzel F, Maksimov, Igor V, Veselova, Svetlana V
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Abscisic acid; Abscisic Acid - metabolism; Ascomycota - drug effects; Ascomycota - genetics; Ascomycota - metabolism; Ascomycota - pathogenicity; Auxins; Barley; Biosynthesis; Carbohydrate metabolism; Cell cycle; Correlation analysis; Cytokinins; Cytokinins - metabolism; fungal development; Fungal Proteins - genetics; Fungal Proteins - metabolism; Fungi; Gene expression; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal - drug effects; Genes; Genomes; Genotypes; Glucose; Hormones; Indoleacetic acid; Metabolism; Metabolites; necrotrophic effectors (NEs); Pathogens; Plant Diseases - microbiology; plant growth regulators (PGRs); Spores, Fungal - drug effects; Spores, Fungal - growth & development; Spores, Fungal - metabolism; Sporulation; Stagonospora nodorum; Transcription factors; Transcription Factors - genetics; Transcription Factors - metabolism; Virulence; Zeatin; Zeatin - metabolism; Zeatin - pharmacology
• ISSN: 2218-273X; 2218-273X
• DOI: 10.3390/biom14050517

Cytokinins (CKs) and abscisic acid (ABA) play an important role in the life of both plants and pathogenic fungi. However, the role of CKs and ABA in the regulation of fungal growth, development and virulence has not been sufficiently studied. We compared the ability of two virulent isolates (SnB and Sn9MN-3A) and one avirulent isolate (Sn4VD) of the pathogenic fungus Berk. to synthesize three groups of hormones (CKs, ABA and auxins) and studied the effect of exogenous ABA and zeatin on the growth, sporulation and gene expression of necrotrophic effectors (NEs) and transcription factors (TFs) in them. Various isolates of synthesized different amounts of CKs, ABA and indoleacetic acid. Using exogenous ABA and zeatin, we proved that the effect of these hormones on the growth and sporulation of isolates can be opposite, depends on both the genotype of the isolate and on the concentration of the hormone and is carried out through the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. ABA and zeatin regulated the expression of fungal TF and NE genes, but correlation analysis of these parameters showed that this effect depended on the genotype of the isolate. This study will contribute to our understanding of the role of the hormones ABA and CKs in the biology of the fungal pathogen .