In Vitro Investigation of the Antibacterial Activity of Nine Commercial Water Disinfectants, Acidifiers, and Glyceride Blends against the Most Important Poultry Zoonotic Bacteria

• Published in: Pathogens (Basel) 2023-02, Vol.12 (3), p.381
• Main Authors: Mantzios, Tilemachos, Tsiouris, Vasilios, Kiskinis, Konstantinos, Economou, Vangelis, Petridou, Evanthia, Tsitsos, Anestis, Patsias, Apostolos, Apostolou, Ioanna, Papadopoulos, Georgios A, Giannenas, Ilias, Fortomaris, Paschalis
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acidification; Acids; Antibacterial activity; Antibacterial agents; Antimicrobial resistance; Antiseptics; Bacteria; Biocides; Campylobacter; Clinical isolates; Disinfectants; Dosage and administration; Drug resistance; Drug resistance in microorganisms; Farms; glyceride blends; Gram-positive bacteria; Health aspects; In vivo methods and tests; Livestock; Mixtures; organic acids; Pathogens; Poultry; Poultry farming; Prevention; Production processes; Purification; Staphylococcus aureus; Strains (organisms); Water; Water acidification; water disinfection; Zoonoses; zoonotic bacteria
• ISSN: 2076-0817; 2076-0817
• DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12030381

Identifying and monitoring the efficiency of alternative biocides that are presently used in livestock is gaining vast attention. The objective of this study was to determine, in vitro, the antibacterial activity of nine commercial water disinfectants, acidifiers, and glyceride blends against clinical isolates or reference strains of zoonotic pathogens belonging to the genera spp., spp., spp., spp., and spp. For each product, the antibacterial activity was tested in concentrations ranging from 0.002 to 1.136% and expressed as the minimum concentration of the product that inhibits bacterial growth (MIC). Water disinfectants Cid 2000™ and Aqua-clean recorded MICs ranging from 0.002 to 0.142% , while the lowest MICs were recorded at two strains of (0.002-0.004% ). Virkon S displayed various MICs (0.013-0.409% ) and was highly effective at suppressing the growth of Gram-positive bacteria such as (0.013-0.026% ). The MICs of water acidifiers (Agrocid Super™Oligo, Premium acid, and Ultimate acid) and glyceride blends (CFC Floramix, FRA LAC34, and FRA Gut Balance) ranged from 0.036 to 1.136% , and for most of these products, MICs were closely correlated by their ability to modify the pH of the culture medium close to 5. In conclusion, most of the tested products showed promising antibacterial activity; as a result, they would be good candidates for pathogen control in poultry farms and for reducing the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. However, further in vivo studies are recommended to provide relevant information for the underlying mechanisms, as well as for the establishment of the optimal dosage scheme for each product and their possible synergies.