Diabetic Rats Induced Using a High-Fat Diet and Low-Dose Streptozotocin Treatment Exhibit Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Osteoporotic Bone Pathologies

• Published in: Nutrients 2024-04, Vol.16 (8), p.1220
• Main Authors: Huang, Kuo-Chin, Chuang, Po-Yao, Yang, Tien-Yu, Tsai, Yao-Hung, Li, Yen-Yao, Chang, Shun-Fu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Bone and Bones - drug effects; Bone and Bones - metabolism; Bone Density - drug effects; Bone diseases; Bone marrow; Bone Remodeling - drug effects; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - microbiology; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - microbiology; diabetic bone disease; Diet; Diet, High-Fat - adverse effects; Dysbiosis; firmicutes/bacteroidetes ratio; Fractures; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - drug effects; Genomes; gut microbiota; Hyperglycemia; Insulin resistance; Laboratory animals; Male; Metabolic disorders; Metabolites; Microbiota; Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis - etiology; Plasma; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Streptozocin; type 2 diabetes mellitus
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu16081220

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) presents a challenge for individuals today, affecting their health and life quality. Besides its known complications, T2DM has been found to contribute to bone/mineral abnormalities, thereby increasing the vulnerability to bone fragility/fractures. However, there is still a need for appropriate diagnostic approaches and targeted medications to address T2DM-associated bone diseases. This study aims to investigate the relationship between changes in gut microbiota, T2DM, and osteoporosis. To explore this, a T2DM rat model was induced by combining a high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin treatment. Our findings reveal that T2DM rats have lower bone mass and reduced levels of bone turnover markers compared to control rats. We also observe significant alterations in gut microbiota in T2DM rats, characterized by a higher relative abundance of Firmicutes (F) and Proteobacteria (P), but a lower relative abundance of Bacteroidetes (B) at the phylum level. Further analysis indicates a correlation between the F/B ratio and bone turnover levels, as well as between the B/P ratio and HbA1c levels. Additionally, at the genus level, we observe an inverse correlation in the relative abundance of . These findings show promise for the development of new strategies to diagnose and treat T2DM-associated bone diseases.