Effective Adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium and Divalent Nickel Ions from Water through Polyaniline, Iron Oxide, and Their Composites

Water pollution caused by industrial wastes containing heavy metals and dyes is a major environmental problem. This study reports on the synthesis, characterization, and utilizations of Polyaniline (PANI) and its composites with Fe3O4 for the removal of hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) and divalent nickel...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied sciences 2020-04, Vol.10 (8), p.2882
Main Authors: Muhammad, Amir, Shah, Anwar ul Haq Ali, Bilal, Salma
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorbents
Adsorption
adsorption isotherm
Chromium
Composite materials
divalent nickel
Effluents
Free energy
Gibbs free energy
Heavy metals
Hexavalent chromium
Industrial pollution
Industrial wastes
Ionic strength
Ions
Iron oxides
Isotherms
kinetic study
Metals
Morphology
Nanoparticles
Oxidation
Pollutants
Polyanilines
Polymers
thermodynamic study
Vacuum distillation
Water pollution
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Summary:Water pollution caused by industrial wastes containing heavy metals and dyes is a major environmental problem. This study reports on the synthesis, characterization, and utilizations of Polyaniline (PANI) and its composites with Fe3O4 for the removal of hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) and divalent nickel Ni(II) ions from water. The adsorption data were fitted in Freudlich, Langmuir, Tempkin, Dubbanin–Ruddishkawich (D–R), and Elovich adsorption isotherms. The Freundlich isotherm fits more closely to the adsorption data with R2 values of 0.9472, 0.9890, and 0.9684 for adsorption of Cr(VI) on Fe3O4, PANI, and PANI/Fe3O4 composites, respectively, while for adsorption of Ni(II) these values were 0.9366, 0.9232, and 0.9307 respectively. The effects of solution pH, initial concentration, contact time, ionic strength, and adsorbent dosage on adsorption behavior were investigated. The adsorption ability of composites was compared with pristine PANI and Fe3O4 particles. Activation energy and other thermodynamic properties such as changes in enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy indicated spontaneous and exothermic adsorption.
ISSN:2076-3417
2076-3417
DOI:10.3390/app10082882