Ultrafast Laser Processing of Optical Fibers for Sensing Applications

A review of recent progress in the use of infrared femtosecond lasers to fabricate optical fiber sensors that incorporate fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) and random fiber gratings (RFG) is presented. The important advancements in femtosecond laser writing based on the phase mask technique now allow throu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-02, Vol.21 (4), p.1447
Main Authors: Mihailov, Stephen J, Hnatovsky, Cyril, Abdukerim, Nurmemet, Walker, Robert B, Lu, Ping, Xu, Yanping, Bao, Xiaoyi, Ding, Huimin, De Silva, Manny, Coulas, David, Grobnic, Dan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bragg gratings
femtosecond laser
Femtosecond pulsed lasers
fiber Bragg gratings
Fiber lasers
fiber optic sensor
Filaments
Infrared lasers
Inscriptions
Laser processing
Lasers
Leak detection
Optical fibers
Petroleum pipelines
Polymers
random fiber gratings
Review
Sensor arrays
Sensors
Ultrafast lasers
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Summary:A review of recent progress in the use of infrared femtosecond lasers to fabricate optical fiber sensors that incorporate fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) and random fiber gratings (RFG) is presented. The important advancements in femtosecond laser writing based on the phase mask technique now allow through-the-coating (TTC) fabrication of Bragg gratings in ultra-thin fiber filaments, tilted fiber Bragg gratings, and 1000 °C-resistant fiber Bragg gratings with very strong cladding modes. As an example, through-the-coating femtosecond laser writing is used to manufacture distributed fiber Bragg grating sensor arrays for oil pipeline leak detection. The plane-by-plane femtosecond laser writing technique used for the inscription of random fiber gratings is also reviewed and novel applications of the resultant devices in distributed temperature sensing, fiber lasers and fiber laser sensors are discussed.
ISSN:1424-8220
1424-8220
DOI:10.3390/s21041447