Recent Progress in the Regeneration of Spinal Cord Injuries by Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Regeneration of injuries occurring in the central nervous system, particularly spinal cord injuries (SCIs), is extremely difficult. The complex pathological events following a SCI often restrict regeneration of nervous tissue at the injury site and frequently lead to irreversible loss of motor and s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2019-08, Vol.20 (15), p.3838
Main Authors: Csobonyeiova, Maria, Polak, Stefan, Zamborsky, Radoslav, Danisovic, Lubos
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Bone marrow
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell Differentiation
differentiation
disease modeling
Epidermal growth factor
Extracellular matrix
Fibroblast growth factors
Glial stem cells
Growth factors
Humans
induced pluripotent stem cells
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells - cytology
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells - metabolism
Injuries
Insulin
Methods
Microcysts
Myelination
Nerve Regeneration
Neural stem cells
Neural Stem Cells - cytology
Neural Stem Cells - metabolism
Olfactory ensheathing cells
Pluripotency
Progenitor cells
Recovery of function
Regeneration
Researchers
Review
Schwann cells
Spinal cord
spinal cord injuries
Spinal Cord Injuries - etiology
Spinal Cord Injuries - metabolism
Spinal Cord Injuries - therapy
Stem Cell Transplantation
Stem cells
Stromal cells
Therapeutic applications
Tissue Scaffolds
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Summary:Regeneration of injuries occurring in the central nervous system, particularly spinal cord injuries (SCIs), is extremely difficult. The complex pathological events following a SCI often restrict regeneration of nervous tissue at the injury site and frequently lead to irreversible loss of motor and sensory function. Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs/NPCs) possess neuroregenerative and neuroprotective features, and transplantation of such cells into the site of damaged tissue is a promising stem cell-based therapy for SCI. However, NSC/NPCs have mostly been induced from embryonic stem cells or fetal tissue, leading to ethical concerns. The pioneering work of Yamanaka and colleagues gave rise to the technology to induce pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells, overcoming these ethical issues. The advent of iPSCs technology has meant significant progress in the therapy of neurodegenerative disease and nerve tissue damage. A number of published studies have described the successful differentiation of NSCs/NPCs from iPSCs and their subsequent engraftment into SCI animal models, followed by functional recovery of injury. The aim of this present review is to summarize various iPSC- NPCs differentiation methods, SCI modelling, and the current status of possible iPSC- NPCs- based therapy of SCI.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms20153838