Multi-walled carbon nanotubes enhance methanogenesis from diverse organic compounds in anaerobic sludge and river sediments

• Published in: Applied sciences 2020-11, Vol.10 (22), p.1-13
• Main Authors: Cavaleiro, Ana Júlia, Salvador, Andreia Filipa Ferreira, Martins, Gilberto, Oliveira, C. P., Liu, Y., Martins, V. A., Castro, Rita, Soares, Olívia Salomé G. P., Pereira, Manuel Fernando R., Pereira, Luciana, Langenhoff, Alette A. M., Pereira, M. A., Alves, M. M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetic acid; Alternative energy sources; Anaerobic digestion; Anaerobic microorganisms; Anaerobic processes; anaerobic sludge; Assaying; Biogas; Bioremediation; Carbon; Environmental aspects; Ethanol; Fluvial sediments; Laboratories; Methane; Methanogenesis; Methanogenic bacteria; Microbial activity; Microorganisms; multi-walled carbon nanotubes; Nanomaterials; Nanotechnology; Nanotubes; Organic compounds; Rivers; Science & Technology; sediment; Sediments; Sludge; Substrates; syntrophic degradation; Technology application; Testing; Waste treatment; Wastewater treatment
• ISSN: 2076-3417; 2076-3417
• DOI: 10.3390/app10228184

Conductive nanomaterials affect anaerobic digestion (AD) processes usually by improving methane production. Nevertheless, their effect on anaerobic communities, and particularly on specific trophic groups such as syntrophic bacteria or methanogens, is not extensively reported. In this work, we evaluate the effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) on the activity of two different anaerobic microbial communities: an anaerobic sludge and a river sediment. Methane production by anaerobic sludge was assessed in the presence of different MWCNT concentrations, with direct methanogenic substrates (acetate, hydrogen) and with typical syntrophic substrates (ethanol, butyrate). MWCNT accelerated the initial specific methane production rate (SMPR) from all compounds, with a more pronounced effect on the assays with acetate and butyrate, i.e., 2.1 and 2.6 times, respectively. In the incubations with hydrogen and ethanol, SMPR increased 1.1 and 1.2 times. Experiments with the river sediment were performed in the presence of MWCNT and MWCNT impregnated with 2% iron (MWCNT-Fe). Cumulative methane production was 10.2 and 4.5 times higher in the assays with MWCNT-Fe and MWCNT, respectively, than in the assays without MWCNT. This shows the high potential of MWCNT toward bioenergy production, in waste/wastewater treatment or ex situ bioremediation in anaerobic digesters. This research was funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology(FCT) under the scope of project MORE (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016575), of the strategic funding of UIDB/04469/2020 unit and BioTecNorte operation (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004) funded by the European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020-Programa Operacional Regional do Norte, as well as FCT/MCTES trough national funds (PIDDAC) and Base Funding-UIDB/50020/20 of the Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM-funded by national funds rough FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC). Research of O.S.G.P.S. was funded by FCT under the Scientific Employment Stimulus-Institutional Call EECINST/00049/2018.