Gender inequality and burden of orofacial clefts in the Eastern Mediterranean region: findings from global burden of disease study 1990-2019

Gender inequality may be associated with the burden of orofacial clefts (OFCs), particularly in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). To investigate the OFCs' burden and its association with gender inequality in the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR). Country-specific data on the OFCs'...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMC pediatrics 2024-01, Vol.24 (1), p.76-11, Article 76
Main Authors: Nabavizadeh, Sara Sadat, Mootz, Jennifer J, Nadjmi, Nasser, Massenburg, Benjamin B, Khoshnood, Kaveh, Shojaeefard, Ehsan, Vardanjani, Hossein Molavi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age groups
Analysis
Care and treatment
Cleft Lip
Cleft Palate
Demographic aspects
Disability-adjusted life years
Disease
Distribution
Female
Females
GDP
Gender Equity
Gender inequality
Global Burden of Disease
Gross Domestic Product
Health care disparities
Humans
Inequality
Low income groups
Male
Medical care, Cost of
Mediterranean Region
Orofacial clefts
Pediatrics
Per capita
Prevalence
Trends
Variables
Citations: Items that this one cites
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Summary:Gender inequality may be associated with the burden of orofacial clefts (OFCs), particularly in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). To investigate the OFCs' burden and its association with gender inequality in the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR). Country-specific data on the OFCs' prevalence and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2019 were gathered from the Global Burden of Disease database by age and gender. Estimated annual percentage change (EAPCs) was used to investigate the OFCs' trends. The association of the Gender Inequality Index (GII) with prevalence and DALY rates was determined using multiple linear regression. Human Development Index (HDI), Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) were also considered as potential confounders. In 2019, the overall regional OFCs' prevalence and DALYs (per 100,000 person-years) were 93.84 and 9.68, respectively. During the 1990-2019 period, there was a decrease in prevalence (EAPC = -0.05%), demonstrating a consistent trend across genders. Moreover, within the same timeframe, DALYs also declined (EAPC = -2.10%), with a more pronounced reduction observed among females. Gender differences were observed in age-specific prevalence rates (p-value = 0.015). GII was associated with DALYs (β = -0.42, p-value = 0.1; β  = 0.48, p-value = 0.036) and prevalence (β = -1.86, p-value 
ISSN:1471-2431
1471-2431
DOI:10.1186/s12887-024-04569-6