Mental health and quality of life among healthcare professionals during the COVID‐19 pandemic in India

• Published in: Brain and behavior 2020-11, Vol.10 (11), p.e01837-n/a
• Main Authors: Suryavanshi, Nishi, Kadam, Abhay, Dhumal, Gauri, Nimkar, Smita, Mave, Vidya, Gupta, Amita, Cox, Samyra R., Gupte, Nikhil
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders - epidemiology; Anxiety Disorders - psychology; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; COVID-19 - psychology; COVID-19 - therapy; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depressive Disorder - epidemiology; Depressive Disorder - psychology; Female; Gender; Health Personnel - psychology; Health Personnel - statistics & numerical data; healthcare professionals; Humans; India; India - epidemiology; Male; Marital status; Mental depression; Mental health; Mental Health - statistics & numerical data; Middle Aged; Original Research; Pandemics; Patients; Prevalence; Principal components analysis; Professionals; Quality of life; Quality of Life - psychology; Questionnaires; SARS-CoV-2; Statistical analysis; Stress; stressors; Young Adult
• ISSN: 2162-3279; 2162-3279
• DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1837

Background The COVID‐19 pandemic has placed healthcare professionals (HCP) in stressful circumstances with increased patient loads and a high risk of exposure. We sought to assess the mental health and quality of life (QoL) of Indian HCPs, the fourth highest‐burden country for COVID‐19. Method Using snowball sampling, we conducted an online survey in May 2020 among HCPs. Data were collected on demographics, depression, and anxiety using validated tools, quality of life, and perceived stressors. Multivariable logistic regression and principal component analysis were performed to assess risk factors associated with mental health symptoms. Findings Of 197 HCPs assessed, 157 (80%) were from Maharashtra, 130 (66%) from public hospitals, 47 (24%) nurses, 66 (34%) physicians, 101 (52%) females, and 81 (41%) ≤30 years. Eighty‐seven percent provided direct COVID‐19 care with 43% caring for >10 patients/day. A large proportion reported symptoms of depression (92, 47%), anxiety (98, 50%), and low QoL (89, 45%). Odds of combined depression and anxiety were 2.37 times higher among single HCPs compared to married (95% CI: 1.03–4.96). Work environment stressors were associated with 46% increased risk of combined depression and anxiety (95% CI: 1.15–1.85). Moderate to severe depression and anxiety were independently associated with increased risk of low QoL [OR: 3.19 (95% CI: 1.30–7.84), OR: 2.84 (95% CI: 1.29–6.29)]. Conclusion Our study demonstrated a high prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety and low QoL among Indian HCPs during the COVID‐19 pandemic. There is an urgent need to prevent and treat mental health symptoms among frontline HCPs. In this cross‐sectional survey of 204 Health Care Professionals (HCPs) from 13 states of India we found a high burden of depression and anxiety among young, unmarried HCPs serving COVID‐19 patients. Further, we found that mental health distress negatively impacted overall quality of life. In countries like India where COVID‐19 is rapidly spreading, there is an urgent need to safeguard the mental health of HCPs.