Glucose Response during the Night Is Suppressed by Wheat Albumin in Healthy Participants: A Randomized Controlled Trial

• Published in: Nutrients 2019-01, Vol.11 (1), p.187
• Main Authors: Saito, Shinichiro, Oishi, Sachiko, Shudo, Aiko, Sugiura, Yoko, Yasunaga, Koichi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Albumins; Albumins - administration & dosage; Alcohol; Blood Glucose - metabolism; BMAL1 protein; Body Mass Index; Circadian rhythm; Circadian rhythms; Clock gene; Cross-Over Studies; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diet; Dietary Fiber - administration & dosage; Double-Blind Method; Food; Gene expression; Glucose; Glucose tolerance; Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism; human; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Hypoglycemia; Incretins - blood; Insulin; Insulin - blood; Insulin secretion; Laboratories; Male; Meals; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Mutants; night; Oxidation; Pancreas; Plant Proteins - administration & dosage; Polypeptides; postprandial; Postprandial Period; Secretion; Secretions; Tablets; Time Factors; Triglycerides - blood; Triticum - chemistry; Wheat; wheat albumin
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu11010187

Postprandial blood glucose excursions are important for achieving optimal glycemic control. In normal-weight individuals, glucose tolerance is diminished in the evening compared to glucose tolerance in the morning. Wheat albumin (WA) has the potential to suppress the postprandial glucose response with a relatively small dose, compared to the dose required when using dietary fiber. In the present study, the effect of WA on glycemic control during the night was investigated after a late evening meal. A randomly assigned crossover trial involving a single oral ingestion in healthy male participants was performed in a double-blind placebo-controlled manner. The participants ingested the placebo (PL) tablets or the WA (1.5 g)-containing tablets 3 min before an evening meal at 22:00 hour, and blood samples were drawn during the night until 07:00 hour using an intravenous cannula. The participants slept from 00:30 hour to 06:30 hour. Glucose response, as a primary outcome during the night, was suppressed significantly by the WA treatment compared to the PL treatment, but the insulin response was not. Plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide concentration during the night was lowered significantly by the WA treatment compared to the PL treatment. In conclusion, WA may be a useful food constituent for glycemic control during the night.