Cross-Linked Enzyme Aggregate (CLEA) Preparation from Waste Activated Sludge

Enzymes are used extensively as industrial bio-catalysts in various manufacturing and processing sectors. However, commercial enzymes are expensive in part due to the high cost of the nutrient medium for the biomass culture. Activated sludge (AS) is a waste product of biological wastewater treatment...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Microorganisms (Basel) 2023-07, Vol.11 (8), p.1902
Main Authors: Liu, Ziyi, Smith, Stephen R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activated sludge
Aqueous solutions
Biological wastewater treatment
Biomass
Catalysts
Cellulase
Chemical properties
cross-linked enzyme aggregate (CLEA)
Crosslinking
enzyme
Enzymes
Immobilization
Microorganisms
Organic matter
Oxidation
Proteins
resource recovery
Sludge
Substrates
Wastewater treatment
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Summary:Enzymes are used extensively as industrial bio-catalysts in various manufacturing and processing sectors. However, commercial enzymes are expensive in part due to the high cost of the nutrient medium for the biomass culture. Activated sludge (AS) is a waste product of biological wastewater treatment and consists of microbial biomass that degrades organic matter by producing substantial quantities of hydrolytic enzymes. Recovering enzymes from AS therefore offers a potential alternative to conventional production techniques. A carrier-free, cross-linked enzyme aggregate (CLEA) was produced from crude AS enzyme extract for the first time. A major advantage of the CLEA is the combined immobilization, purification, and stabilization of the crude enzymes into a single step, thereby avoiding large amounts of inert carriers in the final enzyme product. The AS CLEA contained a variety of hydrolytic enzymes and demonstrated high potential for the bio-conversion of complex organic substrates.
ISSN:2076-2607
2076-2607
DOI:10.3390/microorganisms11081902