Advances on Mode-Coupling Theories, Fabrication Techniques, and Applications of the Helical Long-Period Fiber Gratings: A Review

In this paper, we have briefly review the developing history and recent advances made with regard to helical long-period fiber gratings (HLPGs) in three aspects, i.e., the mode-coupling theories, the fabrication techniques, and the applications. It is shown that, due to the intrinsic helicity charac...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Photonics 2021-04, Vol.8 (4), p.106
Main Authors: Zhao, Hua, Li, Hongpu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angular momentum
Bandstop filters
chiral fiber grating
Converters
Coupling
Electromagnetic wave filters
Fabrication
flat-top band-rejection filter
Gratings (spectra)
helical long-period fiber grating
Helicity
Optical communication
Optical fibers
Optical measuring instruments
Optics
orbital angular momentum
Polarizers
Propagation
Quantum optics
Sensors
spin angular momentum
torsion sensor
Wave plates
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Summary:In this paper, we have briefly review the developing history and recent advances made with regard to helical long-period fiber gratings (HLPGs) in three aspects, i.e., the mode-coupling theories, the fabrication techniques, and the applications. It is shown that, due to the intrinsic helicity characteristics, which are especially suitable to control the loss, polarization, and orbit-angular-momentum (OAM) states of the light in optical fiber, HLPGs have recently attracted great research interest and have found various applications, such as the mode-converters, the torsion sensors, the band-rejection filters, wave plates, linear- and circular-light polarizers, and OAM mode generators, etc. It is believed that HLPGs and the HLPGs-based devices would find further applications to not only the fields of optical sensors and optical communication, but also other fields such as ultrahigh precision measurement, quantum optics, and biochemistry, etc.
ISSN:2304-6732
2304-6732
DOI:10.3390/photonics8040106