Comparative analysis of SPL transcription factors from streptophyte algae and embryophytes reveals evolutionary trajectories of SPL family in streptophytes

SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE ( SPL ) genes encode plant-specific transcription factors which are important regulators of diverse plant developmental processes. We took advantage of available genome sequences of streptophyte algae representatives to investigate the relationships of SPL gene...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2024-01, Vol.14 (1), p.1611-1611, Article 1611
Main Authors: Alisha, Alisha, Szweykowska-Kulinska, Zofia, Sierocka, Izabela
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/181
631/449
Algae
Aquatic plants
Biological Evolution
Chlorophyta
Chlorophyta - metabolism
Comparative analysis
Embryophyta - metabolism
Evolution
Genes
Genomes
Humanities and Social Sciences
multidisciplinary
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Plants - metabolism
Proteins
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Speciation
Spl gene
Transcription factors
Transcription Factors - genetics
Transcription Factors - metabolism
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Summary:SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE ( SPL ) genes encode plant-specific transcription factors which are important regulators of diverse plant developmental processes. We took advantage of available genome sequences of streptophyte algae representatives to investigate the relationships of SPL genes between freshwater green algae and land plants . Our analysis showed that streptophyte algae, hornwort and liverwort genomes encode from one to four SPL genes which is the smallest set, in comparison to other land plants studied to date. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, four major SPL phylogenetic groups were distinguished with Group 3 and 4 being sister to Group 1 and 2. Comparative motif analysis revealed conserved protein motifs within each phylogenetic group and unique bryophyte-specific motifs within Group 1 which suggests lineage-specific protein speciation processes. Moreover, the gene structure analysis also indicated the specificity of each by identifying differences in exon–intron structures between the phylogenetic groups, suggesting their evolutionary divergence. Since current understanding of SPL genes mostly arises from seed plants, the presented comparative and phylogenetic analyzes from freshwater green algae and land plants provide new insights on the evolutionary trajectories of the SPL gene family in different classes of streptophytes.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-51626-2