Targeting Viral ORF3a Protein: A New Approach to Mitigate COVID-19 Induced Immune Cell Apoptosis and Associated Respiratory Complications

Infection with SARS-CoV-2 is a growing concern to the global well-being of the public at present. Different amino acid mutations alter the biological and epidemiological characteristics, as well as immune resistance of SARS-CoV-2. The virus-induced pulmonary impairment and inflammatory cytokine stor...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin 2023-11, Vol.13 (4), p.678-687
Main Authors: Treeza M, Minu, Augustine, Sanu, Mathew, Aparna Ann, Kanthlal, S.K., Panonummal, Rajitha
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acids
Apoptosis
Brain research
Cell death
COVID-19
Defense mechanisms
Disease transmission
Enzymes
Genomes
Glycoproteins
Infections
Lungs
Middle East respiratory syndrome
mutation
orf3a
Polypeptides
Proteins
RNA polymerase
sars-cov-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Small intestine
Viral infections
viral variants
Viruses
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Summary:Infection with SARS-CoV-2 is a growing concern to the global well-being of the public at present. Different amino acid mutations alter the biological and epidemiological characteristics, as well as immune resistance of SARS-CoV-2. The virus-induced pulmonary impairment and inflammatory cytokine storm are directly related to its clinical manifestations. But, the fundamental mechanisms of inflammatory responses are found to be the reason for the death of immune cells which render the host immune system failure. Apoptosis of immune cells is one of the most common forms of programmed cell death induced by the virus for its survival and virulence property. ORF3a, a SARS-CoV-2 accessory viral protein, induces apoptosis in host cells and suppress the defense mechanism. This suggests, inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a protein is a good therapeutic strategy for the treatment in COVID-19 infection by promoting the host immune defense mechanism.
ISSN:2228-5881
2251-7308
DOI:10.34172/apb.2023.069