Comprehensive Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: The Role of Metformin in Addressing Metabolic and Endocrine Dysregulation

• Published in: Journal of education, health and sport health and sport, 2025-01, Vol.77, p.56421
• Main Authors: Kaźmierczak, Martyna, Parys, Jakub, Mikosińska, Agnieszka, Kałuziak, Patrycja, Jajaczak, Marta, Mossakowski, Maciej, Witek, Aleksandra, Litwin, Mateusz, Jesionek, Stanisław
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: hyperandrogenism; insulin resistance; lifestyle interventions; metformin; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS); Rotterdam criteria
• ISSN: 2391-8306; 2391-8306
• DOI: 10.12775/JEHS.2025.77.56421

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder that affects women of reproductive age, characterized by hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, and a range of clinical manifestations, including infertility and metabolic disturbances. Effective management of PCOS remains a challenge due to its multifaceted nature, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of therapeutic options. Aim of the Study: This paper aims to explore the role of various treatment modalities for PCOS, with a particular emphasis on the use of metformin, an antidiabetic medication increasingly recognized for its benefits in managing insulin resistance and other associated conditions in PCOS patients. Conclusion: The findings highlight metformin's three primary mechanisms of action: enhancing insulin sensitivity, inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis, and influencing lipid metabolism. Metformin is effective in improving metabolic parameters and restoring ovulatory function in women with PCOS. While it is a cornerstone of therapy, the management of PCOS requires a tailored approach that considers individual clinical symptoms and phenotypes. Additional therapeutic strategies, including non-pharmacological measures and other pharmacological agents, play a vital role in a comprehensive treatment plan for PCOS.