Cancer Biology, Epidemiology, and Treatment in the 21st Century: Current Status and Future Challenges From a Biomedical Perspective

Since the second half of the 20th century, our knowledge about the biology of cancer has made extraordinary progress. Today, we understand cancer at the genomic and epigenomic levels, and we have identified the cell that starts neoplastic transformation and characterized the mechanisms for the invas...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer Control 2021, Vol.28, p.10732748211038735-10732748211038735
Main Authors: Piña-Sánchez, Patricia, Chávez-González, Antonieta, Ruiz-Tachiquín, Martha, Vadillo, Eduardo, Monroy-García, Alberto, Montesinos, Juan José, Grajales, Rocío, Gutiérrez de la Barrera, Marcos, Mayani, Hector
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological - therapeutic use
Biomedical Research - organization & administration
Cancer
Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy - methods
Epidemiology
Epigenesis, Genetic
Genomics
Health Services Accessibility
Humans
Immune system
Immunosuppressive agents
Medical Oncology - organization & administration
Medical research
Neoplasm Invasiveness - physiopathology
Neoplasms - epidemiology
Neoplasms - genetics
Neoplasms - physiopathology
Neoplasms - therapy
Neoplastic Stem Cells - physiology
Review
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Summary:Since the second half of the 20th century, our knowledge about the biology of cancer has made extraordinary progress. Today, we understand cancer at the genomic and epigenomic levels, and we have identified the cell that starts neoplastic transformation and characterized the mechanisms for the invasion of other tissues. This knowledge has allowed novel drugs to be designed that act on specific molecular targets, the immune system to be trained and manipulated to increase its efficiency, and ever more effective therapeutic strategies to be developed. Nevertheless, we are still far from winning the war against cancer, and thus biomedical research in oncology must continue to be a global priority. Likewise, there is a need to reduce unequal access to medical services and improve prevention programs, especially in countries with a low human development index.
ISSN:1073-2748
1526-2359
1073-2748
DOI:10.1177/10732748211038735