Satellite-Based Statistical Analysis of Hilla River Water Quality Parameters, Iraq

Since industrial and human activities have been developed, water quality intensely degrades in Hilla River, Iraq. Using remote sensing technology provides data for assessing and monitoring water quality in surface water bodies. Thus, in this study, Landsat 8 satellite images (2016 to 2021) were stat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature environment and pollution technology 2022-12, Vol.21 (5(Suppl)), p.2315-2321
Main Authors: Al-Jassani, Fatimah D., Al-Zubaidi, Hussein A. M., Al-Mansori, Nisren J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alkalinity
Autumn
Calcium
Chloride ions
Correlation
Dissolved solids
Electrical resistivity
Hydrogen ions
Ions
Landsat
Landsat satellites
linear regression, statistical analysis, water quality modeling, hilla river
Magnesium
Parameters
pH effects
Pollution monitoring
Potassium
Remote sensing
Rivers
Satellite imagery
Satellites
Sodium
Software
Solid suspensions
Spectral bands
Statistical analysis
Summer
Surface water
Total dissolved solids
Total suspended solids
Turbidity
Water quality
Water treatment plants
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Summary:Since industrial and human activities have been developed, water quality intensely degrades in Hilla River, Iraq. Using remote sensing technology provides data for assessing and monitoring water quality in surface water bodies. Thus, in this study, Landsat 8 satellite images (2016 to 2021) were statistically tested for developing linear models capable of estimating water quality parameters in the river based on field data, including turbidity (turb), electric conductivity (EC), hydrogen ions (pH), total suspended solids (TSS), chloride ions (Cl), sulfate ions (SO4), Alkalinity (ALK), total hardness (TH), calcium (Ca), potassium (K), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), and total dissolved solids (TDS). The results showed that seven parameters have a significant relationship with the spectral bands ratio (p-value less than 0.05). Some of them (TDS, SO4, and ALK) are positively correlated with bands ratio (Band10/Band3, Band10/Band3 and Band10/Band4, and Band3/Band7), respectively. Others (Mg, Ca, TH and pH) are inversely correlated with (Band4/Band7, Band1/Band4, Band1/Band4, and Band1/Band2), respectively. However, K, Na, TDS, Cl, EC and turb have an insignificant correlation with any band ratio.
ISSN:2395-3454
0972-6268
2395-3454
DOI:10.46488/NEPT.2022.v21i05.027