Nanoparticles for Diagnosis and Target Therapy in Pediatric Brain Cancers

Pediatric brain tumors represent the most common types of childhood cancer and novel diagnostic and therapeutic solutions are urgently needed. The gold standard treatment option for brain cancers in children, as in adults, is tumor resection followed by radio- and chemotherapy, but with discouraging...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Diagnostics (Basel) 2022-01, Vol.12 (1), p.173
Main Authors: Guido, Clara, Baldari, Clara, Maiorano, Gabriele, Mastronuzzi, Angela, Carai, Andrea, Quintarelli, Concetta, De Angelis, Biagio, Cortese, Barbara, Gigli, Giuseppe, Palamà, Ilaria Elena
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
blood–brain barrier
Brain cancer
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Clinical trials
Contrast agents
Drugs
Magnetic resonance imaging
Medical prognosis
nanocarriers
Nanoparticles
Nanotechnology
Nervous system
pediatric brain cancers
Pediatrics
Peptides
Polyethylene glycol
Quantum dots
Radiation therapy
Review
Tumors
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Summary:Pediatric brain tumors represent the most common types of childhood cancer and novel diagnostic and therapeutic solutions are urgently needed. The gold standard treatment option for brain cancers in children, as in adults, is tumor resection followed by radio- and chemotherapy, but with discouraging therapeutic results. In particular, the last two treatments are often associated to significant neurotoxicity in the developing brain of a child, with resulting disabilities such as cognitive problems, neuroendocrine, and neurosensory dysfunctions/deficits. Nanoparticles have been increasingly and thoroughly investigated as they show great promises as diagnostic tools and vectors for gene/drug therapy for pediatric brain cancer due to their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. In this review we will discuss the developments of nanoparticle-based strategies as novel precision nanomedicine tools for diagnosis and therapy in pediatric brain cancers, with a particular focus on targeting strategies to overcome the main physiological obstacles that are represented by blood-brain barrier.
ISSN:2075-4418
2075-4418
DOI:10.3390/diagnostics12010173