Maize pollen diet enhances malaria mosquito longevity and infectivity to Plasmodium parasites in Ethiopia

Although larval diet quality may affect adult mosquito fitness, its impact on parasite development is scarce. Plant pollen from Zea mays , Typha latifolia , and Prosopis juliflora was ultraviolet-sterilized and examined for effects on larval development, pupation rate, adult mosquito longevity, surv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2023-09, Vol.13 (1), p.14490-14490, Article 14490
Main Authors: Ayele, Shilimat, Wegayehu, Teklu, Eligo, Nigatu, Tamiru, Girum, Lindtjørn, Bernt, Massebo, Fekadu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/601/1466
692/699/255/1629
Aquatic insects
Blood
Developmental stages
Diet
Disease transmission
Fish feeds
Humanities and Social Sciences
Infectivity
Larvae
Larval development
Longevity
Malaria
Mosquitoes
multidisciplinary
Oocysts
Parasites
Plasmodium
Pollen
Pupation
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Survival
Vector-borne diseases
Zea mays
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Summary:Although larval diet quality may affect adult mosquito fitness, its impact on parasite development is scarce. Plant pollen from Zea mays , Typha latifolia , and Prosopis juliflora was ultraviolet-sterilized and examined for effects on larval development, pupation rate, adult mosquito longevity, survival and infectivity. The control larvae were fed Tetramin fish food as a comparator food. Four treatment and two control groups were used for each pollen diet, and each experimental tray had 25 larvae. Female An. arabiensis were starved overnight and exposed to infectious blood using a membrane-feeding system. The Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank test were used for analysis. The Z. mays pollen diet increased malaria mosquito survival and pupation rate (91.3%) and adult emergence (85%). Zea mays and Tetramin fish food had comparable adulthood development times. Adults who emerged from larvae fed Z. mays pollen had the longest average wing length (3.72 mm) and were more permissive to P. vivax (45%) and P. falciparum (27.5%). They also survived longer after feeding on infectious blood and had the highest number of P. vivax oocysts. Zea mays pollen improved larval development, adult mosquito longevity, survival and infectivity to Plasmodium . Our findings suggest that malaria transmission in Z. mays growing villages should be monitored.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-41826-7