Contribution to the Preclinical Safety Assessment of Lannea velutina and Sorindeia juglandifolia Leaves

Dried leaves of A. Rich. and (A. Rich.) Planch. ex Oliv. (family Anacardiaceae) are used in African traditional medicine. Although these medicinal plants have widespread use in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, there is no scientific data concerning their preclinical or clinical safety. This w...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plants (Basel) 2022-12, Vol.12 (1), p.130
Main Authors: Malú, Quintino, Lima, Katelene, Malmir, Maryam, Pinto, Rui, da Silva, Isabel Moreira, Catarino, Luís, Duarte, Maria Paula, Serrano, Rita, Rocha, João, Lima, Beatriz Silva, Silva, Olga
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ames test
Biocompatibility
Biomarkers
Blood
Body weight
Creatinine
Dermatitis
Drug dosages
Flavonoids
Food
Food consumption
Food intake
Gallic acid
Genotoxicity
Herbal medicine
In vivo methods and tests
Inflammatory diseases
Lannea velutina
Leaves
Liquid chromatography
Malaria
Medicinal plants
Medicine
Metabolic activation
Metabolic rate
Mutation
Plant extracts
repeated-dose oral toxicity
Safety
Seeds
Sorindeia juglandifolia
Statistical analysis
Toxicity
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Summary:Dried leaves of A. Rich. and (A. Rich.) Planch. ex Oliv. (family Anacardiaceae) are used in African traditional medicine. Although these medicinal plants have widespread use in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, there is no scientific data concerning their preclinical or clinical safety. This work aimed to investigate the phytochemical properties of the leaves of both species using HPLC-UV/DAD, as well as the in vivo oral repeated-dose toxicity of 70% hydroethanolic leaf extract of and the in vitro genotoxicity of 70% hydroethanolic leaf extracts of and . Clinical signs of toxicity, body weight variations, and changes in food consumption, mortality, and blood biochemical parameters were monitored. Genotoxicity was assessed using the bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test) with and without metabolic activation, according to OECD guidelines. The obtained results showed the presence of gallic acid and anacardic acid as the main marker constituents in both species. No significant changes in general body weight or food intake were observed; small significant changes with no critical relevance were observed in the blood biochemistry of animals treated with hydroethanolic extract (50, 400, and 1000 mg/kg body weight) compared to those in the control group. No genotoxicity was observed in the bacterial reverse mutation assay with and extracts (up to 5 mg/plate). The safety data obtained in vivo and lack of genotoxic potential in vitro points to the safe medicinal use of and extracts.
ISSN:2223-7747
2223-7747
DOI:10.3390/plants12010130