Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Review on Biomarkers, Pathogenic Mechanisms, and Treatments

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a collagen deposition disorder that affects a patient's oral function and quality of life. It may also potentially transform into malignancy. This review summarizes the risk factors, pathogenic mechanisms, and treatments of OSF based on clinical and bio-molecula...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2020-10, Vol.21 (19), p.7231
Main Authors: Shen, Yen-Wen, Shih, Yin-Hwa, Fuh, Lih-Jyh, Shieh, Tzong-Ming
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal models
Areca - adverse effects
Arecoline - toxicity
Biomarkers
Biomarkers - blood
Carcinogenesis
Carcinogens
Chewing
Classification
Clinical trials
Collagen
Collagen - metabolism
Epidemiology
Epigenetics
Fibrosis
Humans
Inflammation
Malignancy
Mouth Mucosa - drug effects
Mouth Mucosa - pathology
Mouth Neoplasms - chemically induced
Mouth Neoplasms - epidemiology
Mouth Neoplasms - genetics
Mouth Neoplasms - therapy
Oral cancer
oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
Oral Submucous Fibrosis - chemically induced
Oral Submucous Fibrosis - epidemiology
Oral Submucous Fibrosis - genetics
Oral Submucous Fibrosis - therapy
Patients
Physiological aspects
pre-malignant disorders
Quality of life
Review
Risk analysis
Risk Factors
therapeutic interventions
Tobacco
Womens health
Wound healing
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Description
Summary:Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a collagen deposition disorder that affects a patient's oral function and quality of life. It may also potentially transform into malignancy. This review summarizes the risk factors, pathogenic mechanisms, and treatments of OSF based on clinical and bio-molecular evidence. Betel nut chewing is a major risk factor that causes OSF in Asia. However, no direct evidence of arecoline-induced carcinogenesis has been found in animal models. Despite identification of numerous biomarkers of OSF lesions and conducting trials with different drug combinations, clinicians still adopt conservative treatments that primarily focus on relieving the symptoms of OSF. Treatments focus on reducing inflammation and improving mouth opening to improve a patient's quality of life. In conclusion, high-quality clinical studies are needed to aid clinicians in developing and applying molecular biomarkers as well as standard treatment guidelines.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms21197231