Integrating fish models in tuberculosis vaccine development

Tuberculosis is a chronic infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that results in over 1.5 million deaths worldwide each year. Currently, there is only one vaccine against tuberculosis, the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine. Despite widespread vaccination programmes, over 10 million new M. tube...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Disease models & mechanisms 2020-08, Vol.13 (8)
Main Authors: Saralahti, Anni K., Uusi-Mäkelä, Meri I. E., Niskanen, Mirja T., Rämet, Mika
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
animal models
Antigens
Asymptomatic
Bacterial infections
Developing countries
Drug resistance
Granulomas
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Infections
LDCs
Lungs
Lymphocytes
Mortality
mycobacteria
Pathogens
Review
Tuberculosis
tuberculosis vaccine
Vaccines
Zebra
zebrafish
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Summary:Tuberculosis is a chronic infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that results in over 1.5 million deaths worldwide each year. Currently, there is only one vaccine against tuberculosis, the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine. Despite widespread vaccination programmes, over 10 million new M. tuberculosis infections are diagnosed yearly, with almost half a million cases caused by antibiotic-resistant strains. Novel vaccination strategies concentrate mainly on replacing BCG or boosting its efficacy and depend on animal models that accurately recapitulate the human disease. However, efforts to produce new vaccines against an M. tuberculosis infection have encountered several challenges, including the complexity of M. tuberculosis pathogenesis and limited knowledge of the protective immune responses. The preclinical evaluation of novel tuberculosis vaccine candidates is also hampered by the lack of an appropriate animal model that could accurately predict the protective effect of vaccines in humans. Here, we review the role of zebrafish (Danio rerio) and other fish models in the development of novel vaccines against tuberculosis and discuss how these models complement the more traditional mammalian models of tuberculosis.
ISSN:1754-8403
1754-8411
DOI:10.1242/dmm.045716