Factors associated to the adherence to the non-pharmachological treatment of hypertension in primary health care

• Published in: Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 2021-01, Vol.74 (suppl 6), p.e20200173-e20200173
• Main Authors: Nascimento, Monique Oliveira do, Belo, Rebeka Maria de Oliveira, Araújo, Thaís Lorena Lopes de Santana, Silva, Klara Gabriella Nascimento Marques da, Barros, Marcella Di Fatima Ferreira Noya, Figueirêdo, Thaisa Remigio, Bezerra, Simone Maria Muniz da Silva
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Hypertension; NURSING; Patient Compliance; Primary Health Care; Public Health Nursing; Treatment Adherence and Compliance
• ISSN: 0034-7167; 1984-0446; 1984-0446
• DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0173

ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate the factors associated to the adherence to the non-pharmacological treatment of hypertension in primary health care. Methods: cross-sectional study with 421 participants. The adherence was evaluated using the components: weight control, abdominal circumference, physical activity, and alcohol consumption. The chi-squared and Mann-Whitney’s tests were used for analysis. Results: the adherence to the control of the abdominal circumference was associated to smoking, sex, and stress. Smoking, age, and profession were associated to weight control. The adherence to a physical activity varied between the sexes and between people who used beta blockers and those who did not. Moderate alcohol consumption was associated to sex, age, profession, income, comorbidities, time using antihypertensive drugs, and using other medication. Conclusions: socioeconomic and clinical factors were associated to the adherence to the anti-hypertensive treatment. Innovative techniques, such as the transtheoretical model of change, motivational interviews, and supported self-care can help in behavioral changes. RESUMEN Objetivos: evaluar factores relacionados a adhesión al tratamiento no medicamentoso de hipertensión en Atención Primaria. Métodos: estudio transversal, con 421 individuos. Evaluó la adhesión por los componentes: control de peso, circunferencia abdominal, actividad física y consumo de alcohol - conforme recomendaciones de la 7ª Directriz Brasileña de Hipertensión Arterial. Análisis se utilizaron los testes chi-cuadrado y Mann-Whitney. Resultados: adhesión al control de circunferencia abdominal relacionado al tabaquismo, sexo y estrés. Tabaquismo, edad y actividad laboral fueron relacionados al control de peso. Adhesión a actividad física varió entre los sexos y entre individuos que usaban o no beta-bloqueadores. Consumo de alcohol moderado relacionado al sexo, edad, actividad laboral, renta, comorbilidades (diabetes mellitus y tabaquismo), tiempo de tratamiento antihipertensivo y uso de otros fármacos. Conclusiones: factores socioeconómicos y clínicos relacionados a adhesión al tratamiento antihipertensivo. Técnicas innovadoras como el modelo transteórico de cambio, entrevista motivacional y autocuidado apoyado pueden auxiliar los cambios comportamentales. RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar os fatores associados à adesão ao tratamento não medicamentoso da hipertensão na Atenção Primária. Métodos: estudo transversal, com 421 indivíduos. Avaliou-se a a