Comparative Analysis with GC–MS of Fatty Acids and Volatile Compounds of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin and Taraxacum officinale as Edible Resource Plants

• Published in: Separations 2022-10, Vol.9 (10), p.314
• Main Authors: Zhang, Na, Chen, Tianyan, Ye, Shuang, Gao, Shunkai, Dong, Yiyang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Benzaldehyde; Chromatography; Fatty acids; Flavonoids; GC-MS; Herbal medicine; Linolenic acid; Lipids; Molecular weight; Principal components analysis; Retention; Roots; Rubber; Software; Sterols; Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin; Taraxacum officinale; Volatile compounds
• ISSN: 2297-8739; 2297-8739
• DOI: 10.3390/separations9100314

Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin (TKS) is a potential edible resource plant that is rich in inulin, lipid, protein and other active ingredients. In this study, HS-SPME/GC–MS was used to analyze volatile compounds (VCs) and profile the fatty acids in TKS roots and leaves, and the results were compared with those from Taraxacum officinale (TO). A total of 105 and 107 VCs were detected in the leaves and roots of seven dandelion samples (three TKS and four TO), amongst which the main VCs were ethyl tetradecanoate, ethyl linolenate, ethyl linoleate, dihydroactinidiolide, ethyl palmitate, β-ionone, 3,5-octadien-2-one, β-ionone 5,6-epoxide, geranyl acetone, benzaldehyde, safranal, 2-Pentylfuran, farnesene and β-elemene. Linoleic acid and linolenic acid were the dominant fatty acids in seven dandelion samples, and the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids was larger than 4. Principal component analysis showed that the differences in VCs and fatty acid levels between different dandelion samples mainly came from different places of origin, while the differences between different varieties in the same place of origin was minor; i.e., the VCs and fatty acid levels of TKS and TO collected from the same place were basically similar.