Malaria-Infected Red Blood Cell Analysis through Optical and Biochemical Parameters Using the Transport of Intensity Equation and the Microscope's Optical Properties

The accuracy, reliability, speed and cost of the methods used for malaria diagnosis are key to the diseases' treatment and eventual eradication. However, improvement in any one of these requirements can lead to deterioration of the rest due to their interdependence. We propose an optical method...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2019-07, Vol.19 (14), p.3045
Main Authors: Agnero, Marcel Akpa, Konan, Kouakou, Tokou, Zan Guy Christian Stephane, Kossonou, Yao Taky Alvarez, Dion, Bienvenue Sylvère, Kaduki, Kenneth Amiga, Zoueu, Jérémie Thouakesséh
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biochemistry
Blood
Erythrocytes
Erythrocytes - parasitology
Fluorescence
Hemoglobin
Humans
Interferometry
Malaria
malaria diagnosis
Malaria, Falciparum - blood
Malaria, Falciparum - parasitology
Methods
Microscopy
Microscopy - methods
Noise
Optical properties
Parasites
Plasmodium falciparum - isolation & purification
Plasmodium falciparum - pathogenicity
point spread function
refractive index
Refractivity
Spatial distribution
Topography
Transport
transport of intensity equation
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Summary:The accuracy, reliability, speed and cost of the methods used for malaria diagnosis are key to the diseases' treatment and eventual eradication. However, improvement in any one of these requirements can lead to deterioration of the rest due to their interdependence. We propose an optical method that provides fast detection of malaria-infected red blood cells (RBCs) at a lower cost. The method is based on the combination of deconvolution, topography and three-dimensional (3D) refractive index reconstruction of the malaria-infected RBCs by use of the transport of intensity equation. Using our method, healthy RBCs were identified by their biconcave shape, quasi-uniform spatial distribution of their refractive indices and quasi-uniform concentration of hemoglobin. The values of these optical and biochemical parameters were found to be in agreement with the values reported in the literature. Results for the malaria-infected RBCs were significantly different from those of the healthy RBCs. The topography of the cells and their optical and biochemical parameters enabled identification of their stages of infection. This work introduces a significant method of analyzing malaria-infected RBCs at a lower cost and without the use of fluorescent labels for the parasites.
ISSN:1424-8220
1424-8220
DOI:10.3390/s19143045