A comparative study on digit ratio and hand patterns of three ethnic races of Malaysia

• Published in: Egyptian journal of forensic sciences 2018-12, Vol.8 (1), p.1-7, Article 56
• Main Authors: Nayak, Satheesha B., Nair, Dhiviah, Ravi, Vimal, Aithal, Ashwini P.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Correlation; Digit ratio; Ethnicity; Forensic Medicine; Hand pattern; Hands; Malaysians; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Original Article; Pathology; Race
• ISSN: 2090-5939; 2090-536X; 2090-5939
• DOI: 10.1186/s41935-018-0087-1

Background To distinguish the characteristic hand pattern of each of the three different ethnicities in Malaysia and to study the hand pattern correlation between race and gender. Method Individual lengths of the fingers were then measured and tabulated to serve as the basis for analyzing the 2D (second digit):4D (fourth digit) hand ratio. Based on this ration, the hand patterns were classified as A, B, and C types. Results Hand pattern A (2D4D) shows dominance in their right hands with a score of 46% while hand pattern A dominates their left hands. Among the males, all three races show dominance in hand pattern A except in Chinese whereby the C hand pattern was dominant in their right hands (44%). Among the females, the most common trait in Malays and Chinese are the hand pattern A in both their hands. Indian females, however, showed dominance in hand pattern C in their right hands (60%), and hand pattern B (2D = 4D) dominated in their left hands (44%). Results of the statistical analysis revealed that there was a highly significant difference in the hand patterns of both the hands when compared to gender. Conclusion The study suggests that ratio below or equal to 0.90 is suggestive of female sex for both hands, while a ratio of more than 0.91 is suggestive of male sex for both hands. The pattern A (2D