The type III effector NopL interacts with GmREM1a and GmNFR5 to promote symbiosis in soybean

• Published in: Nature communications 2024-07, Vol.15 (1), p.5852-16, Article 5852
• Main Authors: Ma, Chao, Wang, Jinhui, Gao, Yongkang, Dong, Xulun, Feng, Haojie, Yang, Mingliang, Yu, Yanyu, Liu, Chunyan, Wu, Xiaoxia, Qi, Zhaoming, Mur, Luis A. J., Magne, Kévin, Zou, Jianan, Hu, Zhenbang, Tian, Zhixi, Su, Chao, Ratet, Pascal, Chen, Qingshan, Xin, Dawei
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 38/1; 38/35; 38/89; 38/90; 38/91; 631/326/41/547; 631/449/2675; 631/449/2676/2678; 82/51; 82/80; 82/81; 82/83; Bacterial Proteins - genetics; Bacterial Proteins - metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Glycine max; Glycine max - metabolism; Glycine max - microbiology; Host range; Humanities and Social Sciences; Kinases; Leguminous plants; Life Sciences; multidisciplinary; Nod factors; Nodulation; Plant Proteins - genetics; Plant Proteins - metabolism; Plant Root Nodulation - genetics; Plants, Genetically Modified; Protein L; Receptors; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Signal Transduction; Sinorhizobium fredii; Sinorhizobium fredii - genetics; Sinorhizobium fredii - metabolism; Soybeans; Symbiosis
• ISSN: 2041-1723; 2041-1723
• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50228-w

The establishment of symbiotic interactions between leguminous plants and rhizobia requires complex cellular programming activated by Rhizobium Nod factors (NFs) as well as type III effector (T3E)-mediated symbiotic signaling. However, the mechanisms by which different signals jointly affect symbiosis are still unclear. Here we describe the mechanisms mediating the cross-talk between the broad host range rhizobia Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 T3E Nodulation Outer Protein L (NopL) effector and NF signaling in soybean. NopL physically interacts with the Glycine max Remorin 1a (GmREM1a) and the NFs receptor NFR5 (GmNFR5) and promotes GmNFR5 recruitment by GmREM1a. Furthermore, NopL and NF influence the expression of GmRINRK1 , a receptor-like kinase (LRR-RLK) ortholog of the Lotus RINRK1, that mediates NF signaling. Taken together, our work indicates that S. fredii NopL can interact with the NF signaling cascade components to promote the symbiotic interaction in soybean. This study showed that the type III effector NopL can interact with the Nod factor receptor GmNFR5, and the existence of NopL can promote GmREM1 interacts with GmNFR5, which demonstrates a signaling pathway underlying the symbiosis establishment in soybean.