Homo cerevisiae -Leveraging Yeast for Investigating Protein-Protein Interactions and Their Role in Human Disease

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2023-05, Vol.24 (11), p.9179
• Main Authors: Laval, Florent, Coppin, Georges, Twizere, Jean-Claude, Vidal, Marc
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aircraft; Biochemistry, biophysics & molecular biology; Biochimie, biophysique & biologie moléculaire; Biology; Catalysis; Cell cycle; Computer Science Applications; Disease; edgetics; Gene mapping; General Medicine; Genes; Genetic disorders; Genetic diversity; Genomes; Genomics; Genotype & phenotype; Genotypes; human variome; Humans; Inorganic Chemistry; interactome; Life sciences; Metabolism; Metabolites; Molecular Biology; Molecular modelling; Mutation; Neoplasms; Organic Chemistry; Organisms; personalized medicine; Phenotype; Phenotypes; Phenotypic variations; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry; Precision medicine; Protein interaction; Proteins; protein–protein interaction; Proteome; Proteome - genetics; Proteomes; Review; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics; Sciences du vivant; Signal transduction; Spectroscopy; Therapeutic targets; Yeast
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119179

Understanding how genetic variation affects phenotypes represents a major challenge, particularly in the context of human disease. Although numerous disease-associated genes have been identified, the clinical significance of most human variants remains unknown. Despite unparalleled advances in genomics, functional assays often lack sufficient throughput, hindering efficient variant functionalization. There is a critical need for the development of more potent, high-throughput methods for characterizing human genetic variants. Here, we review how yeast helps tackle this challenge, both as a valuable model organism and as an experimental tool for investigating the molecular basis of phenotypic perturbation upon genetic variation. In systems biology, yeast has played a pivotal role as a highly scalable platform which has allowed us to gain extensive genetic and molecular knowledge, including the construction of comprehensive interactome maps at the proteome scale for various organisms. By leveraging interactome networks, one can view biology from a systems perspective, unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying genetic diseases, and identify therapeutic targets. The use of yeast to assess the molecular impacts of genetic variants, including those associated with viral interactions, cancer, and rare and complex diseases, has the potential to bridge the gap between genotype and phenotype, opening the door for precision medicine approaches and therapeutic development.