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Maturity at harvest and postharvest quality of summer squash
The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of harvest at maturity on the composition, quality, and postharvest life of zapallito squash (Cucurbita maxima var. zapallito). Fruit were harvested at three developmental stages - small, medium, and large, with 30, 70, and 90±10-mm diameter,...
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Published in: | Pesquisa agropecuaria brasileira 2019-01, Vol.54 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
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Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of harvest at maturity on the composition, quality, and postharvest life of zapallito squash (Cucurbita maxima var. zapallito). Fruit were harvested at three developmental stages - small, medium, and large, with 30, 70, and 90±10-mm diameter, respectively - and were stored at 0 and 5°C for 26 days and, then, at 20°C for 2 days. The following parameters were determined: respiration, firmness, color, chlorophyll content, carotenoids, sugars, acidity, phenolic compounds, antioxidants, decay, mass loss, and chilling injury (CI). Small light-colored squashes were more prone to dehydration and decay. Delaying harvest markedly reduced fruit carotenoid contents, acidity, and respiration rate; however, it did not affect firmness nor sugar content. Chlorophyll showed an increasing trend during fruit development. Small squashes had 100% higher levels of phenolic compounds and antioxidants than medium and large fruit, but were more sensitive to CI. No differences for CI susceptibility were observed between medium and large fruit. The quality of small, medium, and large squashes remained acceptable for 12, 19, and 26 days at 5ºC, respectively, plus 2 days at 20ºC.
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da maturidade, à época da colheita, sobre a composição, a qualidade e a vida pós-colheita da abóbora “zapallito” (Cucurbita maxima var. zapallito). Os frutos foram colhidos em três estágios de desenvolvimento - pequeno, médio e grande, com diâmetros de 30, 70 e 90±10 mm, respectivamente - e foram armazenados a 0 e 5°C por 26 dias e, posteriormente, a 20°C por 2 dias. Determinaram-se os seguintes parâmetros: respiração, firmeza, cor, teor de clorofilas, carotenoides, açúcares, acidez, compostos fenólicos, antioxidantes, podridões, perda de massa e dano pelo frio (CI). As abóboras pequenas de cor clara foram mais propensas à desidratação e à podridão. O atraso da colheita reduziu acentuadamente o conteúdo de carotenoides, a acidez e a taxa de respiração da fruta; no entanto, não afetou a firmeza nem o teor de açúcar. Já a clorofila mostrou uma tendência crescente durante o desenvolvimento da fruta. As abóboras pequenas apresentaram níveis 100% maiores de fenólicos e antioxidantes do que as frutas médias e grandes, mas foram mais sensíveis ao CI. Não se observaram diferenças quanto à suscetibilidade ao CI entre as frutas médias e grandes. A qualidade das abóboras pequenas, médias e grandes permanec |
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ISSN: | 0100-204X 1678-3921 1678-3921 |
DOI: | 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2019.v54.00133 |