Ottoman forestry: socio-economic aspect and its influence today/ Otomano florestal: aspecto socioeconomico e sua influencia hoje

• Published in: Ciência rural 2012-03, Vol.42 (3), p.459-466
• Main Authors: Ozden, Sezgin, Birben, Ustuner
• Format: Article
• Language: eng ; spa
• Subjects: Analysis; Economic aspects; Forest management; Global temperature changes; history of forestry; história da silvicultura; law; lei; Otomano; Ottoman; Ottoman Empire, ca. 1288-1922; Protection and preservation; socio-economy; socioeconomia; Sustainable forestry; Timber
• ISSN: 0103-8478; 1678-4596
• DOI: 10.1590/S0103-84782012000300012

Forestry is an important subject because it supplies wood and timber for direct human consumption, in addition to its positive effects on global warming and on bio-diversity, with a history dating back to antiquity. As a labor-intensive sector in developing countries, it maintains interactions with natural resources management, public relations and socio-economic structure. It can affect the prosperity of countries either positively or negatively. Hence, an analysis of the history of forestry bears importance because it not only sheds light on its past and present condition, but also explains the improvements for the protection of forests. Accordingly, in the first section of this study, general information on the Ottoman Land System and Ottoman Forestry Organization will be given. In the second section, we will treat 19th century westernization movements, as well as socio-cultural and economic changes. The third section will include significant regulations on forestry, forest management, and administration in the Ottoman Empire; as well as the influence of Ottoman forestry on the actual socioeconomic structure. In the final section, under the title discussion and conclusion, Ottoman forestry will be examined regarding its consequences in terms of policy, economy and law. Key words: Ottoman, socio-economy, history of forestry, law. A silvicultura e um assunto importante, pois o suprimento de madeira em geral e madeira para consumo humano direto, alem de seus efeitos positivos sobre o aquecimento global e sobre a diversidade biologica, trata de uma historia que remonta a antiguidade. Como um setor de trabalho intensivo nos paises em desenvolvimento, mantem interacoes com a gestao dos recursos naturais, relacoes publicas e estrutura socioeconomica. Ela pode afetar a prosperidade dos paises, seja positiva ou negativamente. Assim, uma analise da historia da silvicultura tem importancia, porque nao so lanca luz sobre a sua condicao passada e presente, mas tambem explica as melhorias para a protecao das florestas. Assim, na primeira parte deste estudo, serao dadas informacoes gerais sobre o Sistema de Terras e Florestas e Organizacao Otomano. Na segunda secao, serao tratados movimentos da ocidentalizacao do seculo 19, bem como alteracoes socioculturais e economicas. A terceira secao ira incluir regulamentos significativos na silvicultura, manejo florestal e administracao no Imperio Otomano, bem como a influencia da silvicultura Otomano na atual estrutura socioec