Unlocking the potential for optic nerve regeneration over long distances: a multi-therapeutic intervention

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) generally fail to regenerate axons, resulting in irreversible vision loss after optic nerve injury. While many studies have shown that modulating specific genes can enhance RGCs survival and promote optic nerve regeneration, inducing long-distance axon regeneration thro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in neurology 2025-01, Vol.15, p.1526973
Main Authors: Liu, Zhen-Gang, Zhou, Lai-Yang, Sun, Yong-Quan, Ma, Yi-Hang, Liu, Chang-Mei, Zhang, Bo-Yin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
axon regeneration
immune microenvironment
multiple genes
Neurology
optic nerve
retinal ganglion cells
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Summary:Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) generally fail to regenerate axons, resulting in irreversible vision loss after optic nerve injury. While many studies have shown that modulating specific genes can enhance RGCs survival and promote optic nerve regeneration, inducing long-distance axon regeneration through single-gene manipulation remains challenging. Nevertheless, combined multi-gene therapies have proven effective in significantly enhancing axonal regeneration. At present, research on promoting optic nerve regeneration remains slow, with most studies unable to achieve axonal growth beyond the optic chiasm or reestablish connections with the brain. Future research priorities include directing axonal growth along correct pathways, facilitating synapse formation and myelination, and modifying the inhibitory microenvironment. These strategies are crucial not only for optic nerve regeneration but also for broader applications in central nervous system repair. In this review, we discuss multifactors therapeutic strategies for optic nerve regeneration, offering insights into advancing nerve regeneration research.
ISSN:1664-2295
1664-2295
DOI:10.3389/fneur.2024.1526973