Distinguishing the impact of distinct obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and obesity related factors on human monocyte subsets

• Published in: Scientific reports 2024-01, Vol.14 (1), p.340-340, Article 340
• Main Authors: Pries, Ralph, Kosyna, Friederike Katharina, Depping, Reinhard, Plötze-Martin, Kirstin, Lange, Christian, Meyhöfer, Svenja, Meyhöfer, Sebastian M., Marquardt, Jens U., Bruchhage, Karl-Ludwig, Steffen, Armin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 631/250; 692/163; 692/4017; Adhesion; Adiponectin; Apnea; Cardiovascular diseases; CD11a antigen; CD11b antigen; CD11c antigen; CD14 antigen; CD16 antigen; CD29 antigen; CD49d antigen; Comorbidity; CX3CR1 protein; Cytokines; Flow cytometry; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Hypoxia; Inflammation; Leptin; Lipocalin; Metalloproteinase; Monocytes; Monocytes - metabolism; multidisciplinary; Obesity; Obesity - metabolism; Plasma levels; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Sleep apnea; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Sleep disorders
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49921-5

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and obesity go hand in hand in the majority of patients and both are associated with a systemic inflammation, immune disturbance and comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease. However, the unambiguous impact of OSAS and obesity on the individual inflammatory microenvironment and the immunological consequences of human monocytes has not been distinguished yet. Therefore, aim of this study was to investigate the impact of OSAS and obesity related factors on the inflammatory microenvironment by performing flow cytometric whole blood measurements of CD14/CD16 monocyte subsets in normal weight OSAS patients, patients with obesity but without OSAS, and patients with OSAS and obesity, compared to healthy donors. Moreover, explicitly OSAS and obesity related plasma levels of inflammatory mediators adiponectin, leptin, lipocalin and metalloproteinase-9 were determined and the influence of different OSAS and obesity related factors on cytokine secretion and expression of different adhesion molecules by THP-1 monocytes was analysed. Our data revealed a significant redistribution of circulating classical and intermediate monocytes in all three patient cohorts, but differential effects in terms of monocytic adhesion molecules CD11a, CD11b, CD11c, CX3CR1, CD29, CD49d, and plasma cytokine levels. These data were reflected by differential effects of OSAS and obesity related factors leptin, TNFα and hypoxia on THP-1 cytokine secretion patterns and expression of adhesion molecules CD11b and CD49d. In summary, our data revealed differential effects of OSAS and obesity, which underlines the need for a customized therapeutic regimen with respect to the individual weighting of these overlapping diseases.