Role of cytokine storm in coronavirus infections: culprit or accomplice?

At present, there are seven known types of human coronaviruses (HCoVs), which can be further divided into two categories: low pathogenic and highly pathogenic. The low pathogenic HCoVs infect the upper respiratory tract, mainly causing mild, cold-like respiratory diseases. By contrast, highly pathog...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark. Print) 2022-03, Vol.27 (3), p.102-102
Main Authors: Xu, Rongpeng, Liu, Cunming, Xu, Xiaolin, Hu, Yimin, Zhu, Bin, Yang, Chun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
coronavirus
COVID-19
Cytokine Release Syndrome
cytokine storm
Cytokines
Humans
mers
review
sars
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Summary:At present, there are seven known types of human coronaviruses (HCoVs), which can be further divided into two categories: low pathogenic and highly pathogenic. The low pathogenic HCoVs infect the upper respiratory tract, mainly causing mild, cold-like respiratory diseases. By contrast, highly pathogenic HCoVs mainly infect the lower respiratory tract and cause fatal types of pneumonia, which include severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), as well as the recent outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Highly pathogenic HCoV infection has a high morbidity and mortality, which is usually related to the strong immune response induced by highly proinflammatory cytokines, which is also known as "cytokine storm". Therefore, it is particularly important to explore the role of cytokine storm in the process of highly pathogenic HCoV infection. We review the epidemiological and clinical manifestations of highly pathogenic HCoV infection, and reveal the pathology of cytokine storm and its role in the process of highly pathogenic HCoV infection.
ISSN:2768-6701
2768-6698
DOI:10.31083/j.fbl2703102