Antibacterial and Immunosuppressive Effects of a Novel Marine Brown Alga-Derived Ester in Atopic Dermatitis

• Published in: Marine drugs 2024-07, Vol.22 (8), p.354
• Main Authors: Kim, Hyun Soo, Ahn, Jeong Won, Ha, Na Reum, Damodar, Kongara, Jang, Su Kil, Yoo, Yeong-Min, Gyoung, Young Soo, Joo, Seong Soo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Advertising executives; Algae; Analysis; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - isolation & purification; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; anti-inflammation; Antibacterial activity; Antibiotics; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Aquatic Organisms; Atopic dermatitis; B cells; Biological activity; Chemokines; Chronic illnesses; Cytokines; Cytokines - metabolism; Dermatitis; Dermatitis, Atopic - drug therapy; Disease Models, Animal; Effectiveness; Esters - chemistry; Esters - pharmacology; fatty acid ester; Fatty acids; Female; Gram-positive bacteria; Helper cells; Hizikia fusiformis; Humans; Immunology; Immunomodulation; Immunosuppressive Agents - chemistry; Immunosuppressive Agents - isolation & purification; Immunosuppressive Agents - pharmacology; In vitro methods and tests; In vivo methods and tests; Inflammation; Keratinocytes; Keratinocytes - drug effects; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; Macrophages; Medical innovations; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mupirocin; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Pathogenesis; Pathogens; Pathology; Phaeophyceae - chemistry; Scientific equipment and supplies industry; Skin; Skin diseases; Spectrum analysis; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Water loss
• ISSN: 1660-3397; 1660-3397
• DOI: 10.3390/md22080354

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin condition that is characterized by dysregulated immune responses and a heightened risk of infections, necessitating the advancement of innovative therapeutic methods. This study explored the potential of (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-(2R,3R,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexyl octadeca-6,9,12,15-tetraenoate (HSN-S1), a compound derived from the marine alga , which shows anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory properties. HSN-S1 was isolated and characterized using advanced chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. Its efficacy was evaluated via in vitro assays with keratinocytes, macrophages, and T cells to assess cytokine suppression and its immunomodulatory effects; its antibacterial activity against was quantified. The in vivo effectiveness was validated using a 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced AD mouse model that focused on skin pathology and cytokine modulation. HSN-S1 significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, altered T-helper cell cytokine profiles, and showed strong antibacterial activity against . In vivo, HSN-S1 alleviated AD-like symptoms in mice and reduced skin inflammation, transepidermal water loss, serum immunoglobulin-E levels, and Th2/Th17 cytokine outputs. These findings suggest HSN-S1 to be a promising marine-derived candidate for AD treatment, as it offers a dual-target approach that could overcome the limitations of existing therapies, hence warranting further clinical investigation.