Chromosomal characterization of three species of Serrasalmini (Serrasalmidae: Characiformes)

The tribe Serrasalmini is a diverse group with paraphyletic genera and taxonomic uncertainties. Several studies have been carried out in this group of fish in order to understand this problem, including the cytogenetic approach. In this study, three species of a clade of Serrasalmini were characteri...

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Published in:Genetics and molecular biology 2023-01, Vol.46 (4), p.1-e20230088
Main Authors: Santos, Alan Gomes dos, Souza, José Francisco de Sousa e, Soares, Simone Cardoso, Nakayama, Celeste Mutuko, Feldberg, Eliana
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
C band
chromosomal evolution
Chromosomes
Cytogenetics
Diploids
Gene mapping
Genera
GENETICS & HEREDITY
Heterochromatin
Nucleoli
Piranha
repetitive DNA
Ribosomal DNA
Species
Synteny
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Summary:The tribe Serrasalmini is a diverse group with paraphyletic genera and taxonomic uncertainties. Several studies have been carried out in this group of fish in order to understand this problem, including the cytogenetic approach. In this study, three species of a clade of Serrasalmini were characterized cytogenetically - Pristobrycon striolatus, Catoprion absconditus and Pygopristis denticulatus. The three species presented diploid number (2n) equal to 62 chromosomes, of one and two arms, with karyotypic formulas and species-specific fundamental numbers. Heterochromatin is centromeric and terminal (bi-telomeric) in most chromosomes, with a conspicuous interstitial block at pair 1 (m) in all three species. The nucleolar organizer regions were multiple and C-band positive, and their location was confirmed via 18S ribosomal DNA mapping; however, with additional sites. The 5S rDNA was located in interstitial region of long arm of pair 1 (m), in the three species (homeologous). Moreover, we observed synteny between 18S and 5S in the species C. absconditus and P. denticulatus, which, according to fiber-FISH, are interspersed. Thus, the maintenance of 2n (62) evidences the diversification of chromosomal formulas within the clade by non-Robertsonian rearrangements and reflects the paraphyly of the related species.
ISSN:1415-4757
1678-4685
1678-4685
DOI:10.1590/1678-4685-GMB-2023-0088